Rauma A L, Törrönen R, Hänninen O, Verhagen H, Mykkänen H
Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Dec;62(6):1221-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1221.
Antioxidant status was investigated in 20 Finnish middle-aged female vegans and in one male vegan who were following a strict, uncooked vegan diet ("living food diet"), by means of a dietary survey and biochemical measurements (blood concentrations of vitamins C and E and beta-carotene, and the activities of the zinc/copper-dependent superoxide dismutase and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase). Values were compared with those of omnivores matched for sex, age, social status, and residence. Antioxidant supplementation was used by 4 of 20 female vegans and by 11 of 20 control subjects. Based on dietary records, the vegans had significantly higher intakes of beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and copper, and a significantly lower intake of selenium than the omnivorous control subjects. The calculated dietary antioxidant intakes by the vegans, expressed as percentages of the US recommended dietary allowances, were as follows: 305% of vitamin C, 247% of vitamin A, 313% of vitamin E, 92% of zinc, 120% of copper, and 49% of selenium. Compared with the omnivores, the vegans had significantly higher blood concentrations of beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E, as well as higher erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity. These differences were also seen in pairs who were using no antioxidant supplements. The present data indicate that the "living food diet" provides significantly more dietary antioxidants than does the cooked, omnivorous diet, and that the long-term adherents to this diet have a better antioxidant status than do omnivorous control subjects.
通过饮食调查和生化检测（血液中维生素C、维生素E和β-胡萝卜素的浓度，以及锌/铜依赖性超氧化物歧化酶和硒依赖性谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性），对20名遵循严格生食纯素饮食（“生机饮食”）的芬兰中年女性纯素食者和1名男性纯素食者的抗氧化状态进行了调查。将这些数值与在性别、年龄、社会地位和居住地相匹配的杂食者的数值进行比较。20名女性纯素食者中有4人使用了抗氧化剂补充剂，20名对照受试者中有11人使用了抗氧化剂补充剂。根据饮食记录，纯素食者的β-胡萝卜素、维生素E、维生素C和铜的摄入量显著高于杂食性对照受试者，而硒的摄入量显著低于杂食性对照受试者。纯素食者计算得出的膳食抗氧化剂摄入量，以美国推荐膳食摄入量的百分比表示，如下：维生素C为305%，维生素A为247%，维生素E为313%，锌为92%，铜为120%，硒为49%。与杂食者相比，纯素食者血液中β-胡萝卜素、维生素C和维生素E的浓度显著更高，红细胞超氧化物歧化酶活性也更高。在未使用抗氧化剂补充剂的配对组中也观察到了这些差异。目前的数据表明，“生机饮食”比烹饪后的杂食饮食提供了显著更多的膳食抗氧化剂，并且长期坚持这种饮食的人的抗氧化状态比杂食性对照受试者更好。
