Tröster A I, Stalp L D, Paolo A M, Fields J A, Koller W C
Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA.
Arch Neurol. 1995 Dec;52(12):1164-9. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1995.00540360042014.
To compare quantitative and qualitative aspects of neuropsychological test performance in patients with Parkinson's disease who currently had depression (PDD) and those without depression (PDN) so as to evaluate the influence of depression on cognition in Parkinson's disease.
Cross-sectional comparisons among PDN, PDD, and normal control (NC) groups. The setting was a neurodegenerative disease research center in a teaching hospital. Groups consisted of 44 patients with PDN and 44 patients with PDD matched for age, education, gender, age at onset of disease, disease duration, and disease severity; a group of 44 NC subjects matched for age, education, and gender; and a second set of comparisons between 15 patients with PDN and 15 patients with PDD also matched for overall severity of cognitive impairment.
The neuropsychological measures used were the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, and the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination's Animal Naming test and Boston Naming Test.
Relative to the NC group, both PDN and PDD groups demonstrated impairments in immediate and delayed verbal recall, semantic fluency, and problem solving. When PDN and PDD groups were matched for demographic and disease variables, only the PDD group evidenced impairment relative to NC in visual confrontation naming, and in lexical and semantic fluency. In addition, impairments on immediate recall and semantic fluency in the PDD group were more pronounced than those in the PDN group. However, when PDN and PDD groups were also matched for overall severity of cognitive impairment, no significant differences emerged among the two groups' neuropsychological test performances.
Depression exacerbates some memory and language impairments associated with PD, even when the PDN and PDD groups are matched for demographic and disease variables. However, the extent and pattern of cognitive impairment is similar in PDN and PDD when the groups are also matched also for overall severity of cognitive impairment. Depression influences the quantity rather than the quality of cognitive impairment associated with Parkinson's disease.
比较目前患有抑郁症的帕金森病患者（PDD）和未患抑郁症的帕金森病患者（PDN）在神经心理测试表现方面的定量和定性特征，以评估抑郁症对帕金森病认知功能的影响。
对PDN组、PDD组和正常对照组（NC）进行横断面比较。研究地点为一家教学医院的神经退行性疾病研究中心。研究对象包括44例年龄、教育程度、性别、发病年龄、病程和疾病严重程度相匹配的PDN患者和44例PDD患者；一组年龄、教育程度和性别相匹配的44名NC受试者；以及另一组同样在认知障碍总体严重程度上相匹配的15例PDN患者和15例PDD患者之间的比较。
所使用的神经心理测量工具包括马蒂斯痴呆评定量表、贝克抑郁量表、威斯康星卡片分类测验、受控口语词语联想测验、韦氏记忆量表修订版的逻辑记忆分测验、韦氏成人智力量表修订版的数字广度分测验，以及波士顿诊断性失语检查的动物命名测验和波士顿命名测验。
相对于NC组，PDN组和PDD组在即时和延迟言语回忆、语义流畅性及问题解决方面均表现出损害。当PDN组和PDD组在人口统计学和疾病变量方面相匹配时，只有PDD组在视觉命名、词汇和语义流畅性方面相对于NC组表现出损害。此外，PDD组在即时回忆和语义流畅性方面的损害比PDN组更明显。然而，当PDN组和PDD组在认知障碍总体严重程度上也相匹配时，两组的神经心理测试表现之间未出现显著差异。
即使PDN组和PDD组在人口统计学和疾病变量方面相匹配，抑郁症仍会加重与帕金森病相关的一些记忆和语言损害。然而，当两组在认知障碍总体严重程度上也相匹配时，PDN组和PDD组的认知障碍程度和模式相似。抑郁症影响与帕金森病相关的认知障碍的数量而非质量。
