Balas E A, Stockham M G, Mitchell M A, Austin S M, West D A, Ewigman B G
Program in Health Services Management, University of Missouri-Columbia 65211, USA.
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 1995 Sep-Oct;2(5):307-15. doi: 10.1136/jamia.1995.96073833.
T systematically locate, register, and abstract information used in comparing effects of various information services (computerized and noncomputerized) and utilization management interventions on the process and outcome of patient care.
Manual and electronic database searches located reports that met three main criteria: 1) randomized controlled trial; 2) information or utilization management intervention in the study group with no similar intervention in the control group; and 3) effect of the intervention on the process and/or outcome of patient care had been measured. Published reports were registered in the Columbia Registry.
Nearly 600 reports were collected from 24 countries and 189 different publications. Frequently tested interventions included patients or physician education, telephone follow-up, patient or physician reminders, and home care services. Frequently reported effect variables included hospitalization rate, length of stay, immunization rate, and mortality rate. Standardized formal tools were developed for the separation and abstraction of practical information and methodologic details from the collected trial reports.
The registry provides a new source of information for meta-analyses, traditional reviews, and executive summaries of quality improvement of health services. The streamlined knowledge engineering process of quality evaluation and abstraction of critical information can generate helpful information for practitioners and researchers simultaneously.
系统地查找、登记并提取用于比较各种信息服务（计算机化和非计算机化）及利用管理干预措施对患者护理过程和结果影响的信息。
通过手工检索和电子数据库检索，找出符合三项主要标准的报告：1）随机对照试验；2）研究组进行了信息或利用管理干预，而对照组未进行类似干预；3）已测量干预措施对患者护理过程和/或结果的影响。已发表的报告在哥伦比亚登记处进行了登记。
从24个国家和189种不同出版物中收集了近600份报告。经常测试的干预措施包括患者或医生教育、电话随访、患者或医生提醒以及家庭护理服务。经常报告的效应变量包括住院率、住院时间、免疫接种率和死亡率。开发了标准化的正式工具，用于从收集的试验报告中分离和提取实用信息及方法学细节。
该登记处为荟萃分析、传统综述以及卫生服务质量改进的执行摘要提供了新的信息来源。质量评估和关键信息提取的简化知识工程流程可以同时为从业者和研究人员生成有用信息。
