Stetter Kathleen R, McCann Lee I, Leafgren Mark A, Segar Michael T
U Wisconsin, Dept of Psychology, Oshkosh.
J Comp Psychol. 1995 Dec;109(4):384-389. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.109.4.384.
The relative contributions of social and stimulus factors in development of rat dietary preferences were examined. Investigation of odor-alone effects revealed that weak odors resulted in preference for familiar-odor diets, but only at longer exposure times. Shorter exposure to strong odors also produced differences in diet preference. When odor and conspecific presence were manipulated simultaneously, odors produced no diet preference at low intensities, whereas high-intensity odors did so regardless of conspecific presence. Medium-intensity odor concentrations produced differences only with conspecifics present, indicating social enhancement of stimuli that are ineffective in isolation. These results suggest the separate influence of social and stimulus factors on dietary preferences and explain contradictions in previous studies.
研究了社会因素和刺激因素对大鼠饮食偏好形成的相对贡献。仅对气味影响的调查显示，微弱气味会导致对熟悉气味饮食的偏好，但仅在较长暴露时间下才会出现。较短时间暴露于强烈气味也会产生饮食偏好差异。当同时操纵气味和同种个体的存在时，低强度气味不会产生饮食偏好，而高强度气味无论同种个体是否存在都会产生饮食偏好。中等强度的气味浓度仅在有同种个体存在时才会产生差异，表明社会因素增强了单独无效的刺激。这些结果表明社会因素和刺激因素对饮食偏好有单独影响，并解释了先前研究中的矛盾之处。
