Fuller J
Faculty of Nursing (City Campus), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 Sep;22(3):465-72. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.22030465.x.
Despite a recognition that health care systems in western countries need to become more responsive to their culturally diverse populations, health professionals have been slow to change their dominant monocultural work practices. Paraprofessional ethnic health workers have been employed in Australia to increase the access of non-English-speaking background communities to health services; however, they have generally not been able to form effective teamwork relationships with health professionals. Research into the use of ethnic health workers is explored to propose changes in the way that professional nurses practise alongside these workers. Concepts within professionalism and within a primary health care approach are considered against a framework of cultural differences between nurses and non-English-speaking background clients. It is unrealistic that nurses should expect to attain the cultural knowledge required to provide total care to all their clients in a diverse society, without a partnership with cultural intermediaries. Such an expectation is likely to produce lists of cultural traits that stereotype ethnic clients, rather than lead to an understanding of each client's individual needs. More effective teamwork between professional nurses and paraprofessional ethnic health workers is proposed so that together they can ensure health care is delivered in ways that are flexible and responsive to cultural differences.
尽管人们认识到西方国家的医疗保健系统需要对其文化多元的人群做出更积极的响应，但卫生专业人员在改变其占主导地位的单一文化工作方式方面进展缓慢。澳大利亚雇佣了准专业族裔卫生工作者，以增加非英语背景社区获得医疗服务的机会；然而，他们通常无法与卫生专业人员建立有效的团队合作关系。本文探讨了对族裔卫生工作者使用情况的研究，以提议专业护士与这些工作者协同工作方式的变革。将专业精神和初级卫生保健方法中的概念置于护士与非英语背景客户之间文化差异的框架内进行考量。在多元社会中，如果护士不与文化中介建立伙伴关系，却期望获得为所有客户提供全面护理所需的文化知识，这是不现实的。这样的期望很可能产生将族裔客户模式化的文化特征清单，而不是促成对每个客户个体需求的理解。建议专业护士和准专业族裔卫生工作者之间开展更有效的团队合作，以便他们能够共同确保以灵活且能应对文化差异的方式提供医疗保健服务。
