Kibarian M A, Hruza G J
University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, USA.
Postgrad Med. 1995 Dec;98(6):39-40, 45-8, 55-6 passim.
The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rapidly increasing. With early diagnosis and treatment, almost all basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas can be cured. Premalignant actinic keratoses are treated with cryosurgery; the CO2 laser is the treatment of choice for actinic cheilitis. Generally, nonmelanoma skin cancer can be effectively treated with excision, electrodesiccation and curettage, cryosurgery, or radiation therapy; 5-year cure rates are over 90%. Large, locally recurrent, and aggressive lesions, as well as lesions located in the central face, are best managed with Mohs' surgery; 5-year cure rates as high as 99% have been reported. Patient education about the dangers of sun exposure and tanning salons can potentially reduce the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer. The use of sunscreens starting early in life should be stressed.
非黑素瘤皮肤癌的发病率正在迅速上升。通过早期诊断和治疗，几乎所有基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌都可以治愈。癌前光化性角化病采用冷冻手术治疗；二氧化碳激光是光化性唇炎的首选治疗方法。一般来说，非黑素瘤皮肤癌可以通过切除、电干燥刮除术、冷冻手术或放射治疗得到有效治疗；5年治愈率超过90%。对于大的、局部复发的侵袭性病变以及位于面部中央的病变，最好采用莫氏手术治疗；据报道，5年治愈率高达99%。对患者进行关于阳光照射和晒黑沙龙危害的教育有可能降低非黑素瘤皮肤癌的发病率。应强调从早年开始使用防晒霜。
