Schicatano E J, Blumenthal T D
Neuroscience Program, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1995 Sep;52(1):231-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(95)00110-i.
Research in this laboratory showed that caffeine (4 mg/kg) delays habituation of the acoustic startle reflex in humans. The present study examined the effects of 2- and 6-mg/kg doses of caffeine on acoustic startle habituation in moderate-high and low caffeine users. Eyeblink responses to 30 trials of 85-dB noise stimuli were measured beginning 30 min after oral ingestion of either placebo or 2 or 6 mg/kg of caffeine. The 2-mg/kg dose of caffeine delayed startle habituation in both moderate-high and low caffeine users. The 6-mg/kg dose produced no differential effects on startle responding from placebo. In moderate-high users, following habituation, startle responding was smaller in the placebo condition compared to both caffeine conditions. In low users there were no differences in posthabituation responding between doses, suggesting that this dose effect is dependent on a history of chronic caffeine usage.
该实验室的研究表明，咖啡因（4毫克/千克）会延迟人类听觉惊吓反射的习惯化。本研究考察了2毫克/千克和6毫克/千克剂量的咖啡因对中高咖啡因使用者和低咖啡因使用者听觉惊吓习惯化的影响。在口服安慰剂或2毫克/千克或6毫克/千克咖啡因30分钟后，测量对85分贝噪声刺激进行30次试验的眨眼反应。2毫克/千克剂量的咖啡因在中高咖啡因使用者和低咖啡因使用者中均延迟了惊吓习惯化。6毫克/千克剂量与安慰剂相比，对惊吓反应没有产生差异效应。在中高咖啡因使用者中，习惯化后，与两种咖啡因条件相比，安慰剂条件下的惊吓反应较小。在低咖啡因使用者中，各剂量之间的习惯化后反应没有差异，这表明这种剂量效应取决于长期使用咖啡因的历史。
