Lübke H J, Kalde S
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Abteilung für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 1995 Nov 21;84(47):1383-8.
Cancer cachexia is a syndrome with weight loss, anorexia, and loss of host body cell mass. Tumor cachexia may be an early symptom of a neoplasm. Low food intake is the main reason for weight loss. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiation remain primary therapeutic modalities to overcome cancer cachexia. Artificial nutrition is able to avoid progressive weight loss; nutrition alone may not preserve fat-free body cell mass. Parenteral nutrition reduces perioperative morbidity and mortality. Nutritional support failed to show a benefit in patients with malignancies which are treated with therapeutic radiation or chemotherapy. For patients with unresectable neoplasms of the upper GI-tract conventional palliative regimens (bougienage, laser, etc.) do not support a satisfactory nutritional state. Ambulatory enteral tube feeding via percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy (PEG) as an adjunct to therapy is useful and safe in providing adequate fluid and substrates.
癌症恶病质是一种伴有体重减轻、厌食和机体体细胞质量丧失的综合征。肿瘤恶病质可能是肿瘤的早期症状。食物摄入量低是体重减轻的主要原因。手术、化疗和放疗仍然是克服癌症恶病质的主要治疗方式。人工营养能够避免体重逐渐减轻；仅靠营养可能无法维持去脂体细胞质量。肠外营养可降低围手术期发病率和死亡率。营养支持对接受放疗或化疗的恶性肿瘤患者未显示出益处。对于上消化道不可切除肿瘤的患者，传统的姑息治疗方案（探条扩张、激光等）无法维持令人满意的营养状态。经皮内镜下胃造口术（PEG）进行门诊肠内管饲作为治疗辅助手段，在提供充足液体和营养物质方面是有用且安全的。
