Jolly A M, Orr P H, Hammond G, Young T K
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Sex Transm Dis. 1995 Sep-Oct;22(5):289-95. doi: 10.1097/00007435-199509000-00004.
Despite sharing common modes of transmission, characteristics of individuals infected with Chlamydia trachomatis differ in several respects from those with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. Further characterization of women at high risk for chlamydial infection is needed to deliver appropriate and effective preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic care to this population.
The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of women with laboratory confirmed chlamydia, gonorrhea, or coinfection were compared with those of control women who tested negative for both pathogens.
A random sample of 400 women in Manitoba, Canada, who had undergone testing for sexually transmitted diseases at a public health laboratory in 1988 were studied. After linkage with medical insurance and census databases, logistic regression analysis was used to compare age, ethnicity, urban status, and mean income (using postal codes) of women with gonorrhea alone, chlamydia alone, and coinfection, with the same data for women who tested negative for both organisms.
Young age, North American Indian status, urban residence, and low mean income according to postal code were significantly associated with gonococcal and chlamydial infection in the study population, compared with women who tested negative for both infections. Young age, Indian status, and urban residence also were associated with gonorrhea infection alone. Only young age and Indian status were associated with chlamydial infection. Mean incomes of women with chlamydial infection alone and control subjects were higher than those of women with gonorrhea and gonorrhea and chlamydia coinfection.
Differences in the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of women with gonorrhea, chlamydia, and coinfection suggest the existence of multiple reservoirs of infection due to these agents in the study population. The preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies of sexually transmitted disease control programs must be adapted to the individual needs of identified high-risk groups.
尽管沙眼衣原体（Chlamydia trachomatis）和淋病奈瑟菌（Neisseria gonorrhoeae）具有共同的传播途径，但感染沙眼衣原体的个体特征在多个方面与淋病奈瑟菌感染个体不同。需要进一步明确衣原体感染高危女性的特征，以便为该人群提供适当且有效的预防、诊断和治疗护理。
将实验室确诊为衣原体感染、淋病感染或合并感染的女性的人口统计学和社会经济特征，与两种病原体检测均为阴性的对照女性进行比较。
对1988年在加拿大曼尼托巴省一家公共卫生实验室接受性传播疾病检测的400名女性进行随机抽样研究。在与医疗保险和人口普查数据库建立关联后，采用逻辑回归分析比较单纯淋病、单纯衣原体感染和合并感染女性的年龄、种族、城市居住情况和平均收入（使用邮政编码），以及两种病原体检测均为阴性女性的相同数据。
与两种感染检测均为阴性的女性相比，研究人群中年轻、北美印第安人身份、城市居住以及邮政编码对应的低平均收入与淋病和衣原体感染显著相关。年轻、印第安人身份和城市居住也与单纯淋病感染相关。只有年轻和印第安人身份与衣原体感染相关。单纯衣原体感染女性和对照对象的平均收入高于淋病感染女性以及淋病和衣原体合并感染女性。
淋病、衣原体感染及合并感染女性在人口统计学和社会经济特征上的差异表明，研究人群中存在这些病原体的多个感染源。性传播疾病控制项目的预防、诊断和治疗策略必须适应已确定高危人群的个体需求。
