Taheri B A, Knight R T, Smith R L
BioMedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California at Davis 95616.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1994 May;90(5):376-83. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(94)90053-1.
This paper describes the design, fabrication and testing of a prototype dry surface electrode for EEG signal recording. The new dry electrode has the advantages of no need for skin preparation or conductive paste, potential for reduced sensitivity to motion artifacts and an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio. The electrode's sensing element is a 3 mm stainless steel disk which has a 2000 A (200 nm) thick nitride coating deposited onto one side. The back side of the disk is attached to an impedance converting amplifier. The prototype electrode was mounted on a copper plate attached to the scalp by a Velcro strap. The performance of this prototype dry electrode was compared to commercially available wet electrodes in 3 areas of electroencephalogram (EEG) recording: (1) spontaneous EEG, (2) sensory evoked potentials, and (3) cognitive evoked potentials. In addition to the raw EEG, the power spectra of the signals from both types of electrodes were also recorded. The results suggest that the dry electrode performs comparably to conventional electrodes for all types of EEG signal analysis. This new electrode may be useful for the production of high resolution surface maps of brain activity where a large number of electrodes or prolonged recording times are required.
本文描述了一种用于脑电图（EEG）信号记录的原型干式表面电极的设计、制造和测试。新型干式电极具有无需皮肤准备或导电膏、对运动伪影的敏感性可能降低以及信噪比提高等优点。该电极的传感元件是一个3毫米的不锈钢圆盘，其一侧沉积有2000埃（200纳米）厚的氮化物涂层。圆盘的背面连接到一个阻抗转换放大器。原型电极通过尼龙搭扣带安装在附着于头皮的铜板上。将该原型干式电极的性能与市售湿式电极在脑电图（EEG）记录的三个方面进行了比较：（1）自发脑电图，（2）感觉诱发电位，以及（3）认知诱发电位。除了原始脑电图外，还记录了两种电极信号的功率谱。结果表明，对于所有类型的脑电图信号分析，干式电极的表现与传统电极相当。这种新型电极可能有助于制作需要大量电极或长时间记录的大脑活动高分辨率表面图谱。
