Smith L, Ulvund S E, Lindemann R
Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1994 Feb;15(1):7-13. doi: 10.1097/00004703-199402000-00002.
This study examines the outcome at ages 2 and 3 years of very-low-birth-weight infants (N = 105) at double risk. Double risk was defined with reference to Fagan's model of intelligence. According to this model, cognitive-processing ability and culturally provided information produce knowledge. The Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence was used to assess processing ability, whereas parental socioeconomic status (SES) was used as an indicator of available information. Knowledge was measured by means of well-known psychometric tests of young children's abilities. Children at double risk were consistently delayed with respect to knowledge of intellectual skills and language as compared with children who were not at double risk. The data suggest that the assessment of processing ability and parental SES may provide a better foundation for detecting developmental delay than does a medical main-effect model.
本研究考察了105名处于双重风险中的极低出生体重儿在2岁和3岁时的发育结果。双重风险是参照费根的智力模型来定义的。根据该模型，认知加工能力和文化提供的信息产生知识。使用费根婴儿智力测验来评估加工能力，而父母的社会经济地位（SES）则作为可用信息的指标。知识是通过对幼儿能力的知名心理测量测试来衡量的。与未处于双重风险的儿童相比，处于双重风险的儿童在智力技能和语言知识方面持续滞后。数据表明，与医学主效应模型相比，对加工能力和父母社会经济地位的评估可能为检测发育迟缓提供更好的基础。
