Saigal S, Rosenbaum P, Szatmari P, Campbell D
Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1991 Oct;12(5):294-300.
We compared the prevalence of learning disabilities at age 8 years in a subgroup of 68 of 129 (53%) regional cohort of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) children who were considered "normal" neurologically and intellectually (IQ greater than or equal to 85) with that of 114 term group matched controls (C). Both groups were tested with a battery of psychoeducational measures, and parents and teachers completed questionnaires on the school performance of the children. ELBW children were comparable with C on measures of intelligence (ELBW 101 +/- 8, C 104 +/- 11), language, and academic achievement but fared significantly less well in motor performance (p less than .0001). The prevalence of learning disabilities (by predefined criteria) in ELBW children (26%) was not increased compared with C (19%). However, teachers rated significantly more ELBW children as performing below grade level than were C (31% vs 16%, p less than .05), and by parent report, a higher proportion of ELBW children had received special assistance in school compared with C (37% vs 16%, p less than .001). We conclude that although the prevalence of learning disabilities in normal ELBW children was not different from that in controls, ELBW children did less well and utilized more special resources.
我们比较了129名极低出生体重（ELBW）儿童的一个亚组（68名，占53%）在8岁时学习障碍的患病率，这些儿童在神经和智力方面被认为是“正常的”（智商大于或等于85），并与114名足月组匹配对照（C）进行了比较。两组儿童均接受了一系列心理教育测试，家长和教师完成了关于儿童学业表现的问卷。ELBW儿童在智力（ELBW为101±8，C为104±11）、语言和学业成绩方面与对照组相当，但在运动表现方面明显较差（p<0.0001）。ELBW儿童中学习障碍的患病率（根据预定义标准）与对照组（19%）相比并未增加（26%）。然而，教师评定ELBW儿童中成绩低于年级水平的比例明显高于对照组（31%对16%，p<0.05），并且根据家长报告，与对照组相比，有更高比例的ELBW儿童在学校接受了特殊帮助（37%对16%，p<0.001）。我们得出结论，虽然正常ELBW儿童中学习障碍的患病率与对照组没有差异，但ELBW儿童表现较差且使用了更多的特殊资源。
