Jubelirer S J, Tierney J P, Oliver S, Serrato J M, Farra S, Plymale J, Hodge E
Cancer Care Center of Southern, West Virginia, CAMC, Charleston.
W V Med J. 1994 Apr;90(4):140-2.
At a one-day screening for prostate cancer in 1991, a urologist evaluated 142 men ages 50 years-84 years (mean: 67 years) utilizing a digital rectal exam (DRE), serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA), and a detailed questionnaire. The 44 men with an abnormal DRE and/or PSA were recontacted by letter one year later to determine the outcome. By 12 months, 31 men (70%) with abnormal findings had seen a physician as recommended. Of the 13 men followed with abnormal DRE only, three were biopsied with no cancer found. Of the 11 with an elevated PSA only, six were biopsied and two had cancer. Of the men with both abnormal PSA and DRE, six were biopsied and two had cancer. Thus, after 12 months, the preliminary cancer detection rate was 2.8% for the entire study population, 22% for those with an elevated PSA, and 10% for those with an abnormal DRE. The results suggest that the use of PSA combined with DRE is a more efficient strategy for detecting prostate cancer than DRE alone.
1991年，在一次为期一天的前列腺癌筛查中，一名泌尿科医生对142名年龄在50岁至84岁（平均67岁）的男性进行了评估，采用了直肠指检（DRE）、血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测以及一份详细问卷。一年后，通过信件再次联系了44名直肠指检和/或PSA检测结果异常的男性，以确定最终结果。到12个月时，31名（70%）检查结果异常的男性已按建议看了医生。在仅直肠指检异常的13名男性中，3人接受了活检，未发现癌症。在仅PSA升高的11名男性中，6人接受了活检，2人患有癌症。在PSA和直肠指检均异常的男性中，6人接受了活检，2人患有癌症。因此，12个月后，整个研究人群的初步癌症检出率为2.8%，PSA升高者为22%，直肠指检异常者为10%。结果表明，与单独使用直肠指检相比，联合使用PSA和直肠指检是一种更有效的前列腺癌检测策略。
