Kvestak R, Ahel M
Center for Marine Research Zagreb, Institute Rudjer Bosković, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1994 Jun;28(1):25-34. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1994.1031.
The occurrence and behavior of nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO), and nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) were studied in the Krka River estuary. Quantitative determinations using normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrofluorimetric detection were performed in both municipal wastewaters and receiving estuarine waters. The concentrations of NP, NP1EO, and NP2EO in municipal wastewaters varied within the ranges of < 0.5-419, < 0.5-35, and < 0.5-54 micrograms/liter, respectively; thus, in general representing only a minor fraction of the total surfactant-derived nonylphenolic compounds. The concentration decrease after the wastewater discharge into the estuary was very sharp, which was assigned primarily to an efficient dilution of the wastewater plume. Consequently, the concentrations of NP, NP1EO, and NP2EO in the estuary were fairly low, the respective concentration ranges being < 20-1200, < 20-440, and < 20-1300 ng/liter. Rather complicated distribution patterns of NP, NP1EO, and NP2EO were obtained on the vertical profile of the estuarine water column with the concentration maxima at the estuarine phase boundaries, i.e., air-freshwater and freshwater-seawater. Moreover, the ratio between individual nonylphenolic compounds varied significantly, indicating that transformation reactions played a significant role in their distribution and fate in the estuary.
在克尔卡河河口研究了壬基酚（NP）、壬基酚单乙氧基化物（NP1EO）和壬基酚二乙氧基化物（NP2EO）的出现情况及行为。采用正相高效液相色谱-荧光检测法对城市污水和受纳河口水中的这些物质进行了定量测定。城市污水中NP、NP1EO和NP2EO的浓度范围分别为<0.5 - 419、<0.5 - 35和<0.5 - 54微克/升；因此，总体上仅占表面活性剂衍生壬基酚类化合物总量的一小部分。污水排入河口后浓度急剧下降，这主要归因于污水羽流的有效稀释。因此，河口水中NP、NP1EO和NP2EO的浓度相当低，各自的浓度范围为<20 - 1200、<20 - 440和<20 - 1300纳克/升。在河口水柱的垂直剖面上，NP、NP1EO和NP2EO呈现出相当复杂的分布模式，在河口相界面（即空气-淡水和淡水-海水界面）处浓度达到最大值。此外，各壬基酚类化合物之间的比例差异显著，这表明转化反应在它们在河口的分布和归宿中起着重要作用。
