Drott C
Department of Surgery, Borås Hospital, Sweden.
Eur J Surg Suppl. 1994(572):5-7.
As early as in 1889 surgery on the cervical sympathetic nervous system was performed. During the following decades this operation was tried for a variety of diseases. In the early 1920s it was clarified that patients with hyperhidrosis, vasospastic conditions, and angina pectoris would benefit from stellectomy. It was, however, soon discovered that removal of the upper thoracic ganglia was required in order to obtain complete sympathetic denervation of the upper extremity. Several open surgical techniques for upper thoracic sympathectomy were described. During the 1940s a few pioneers started to excise sympathetic ganglia by thoracoscopy which had originally been described as a diagnostic tool by Jacobaeus in 1910. The endoscopic approach, amply documented by Kux in 1954, did not, however, gain widespread popularity until the 1980s. Like the general upsurge of interest in endoscopic surgery, thoracoscopic ablation of the upper thoracic sympathetic ganglia is now rapidly being adopted by surgeons.
早在1889年就开展了颈交感神经系统手术。在随后的几十年里，这种手术被用于治疗各种疾病。20世纪20年代初明确，多汗症、血管痉挛性疾病和心绞痛患者可从胸交感神经切除术受益。然而，很快就发现，为了实现上肢完全去交感神经支配，需要切除上胸段神经节。描述了几种用于上胸段交感神经切除术的开放手术技术。20世纪40年代，一些先驱者开始通过胸腔镜切除交感神经节，胸腔镜最初在1910年被雅各布厄斯描述为一种诊断工具。1954年库克斯充分记录了这种内镜手术方法，但直到20世纪80年代才得到广泛应用。与人们对内窥镜手术普遍兴趣高涨一样，胸腔镜上胸段交感神经节切除术现在正迅速被外科医生采用。
