Saghir S A, Hansen L G
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1994 Jul;28(2):111-20. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1994.1039.
Adult female houseflies (Musca domestica) were topically dosed with 10, 15, and 20 micrograms of 2,2',5-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB-18) in acetone at 1, 5, and 15 days following emergence. These doses caused a significant decrease in the mean survival time in 5-day-old flies. LT50's (time for 50% death) were dramatically reduced in 5-day-old flies, whereas no significant difference was found at any treatment level in 15-day-old flies. Abdomenal microsomal enzyme levels were determined by the rate of O-dealkylation of (p-nitrophenyl)ethyl ether for 1-, 5-, 11-, and 15-day-old female houseflies. The highest levels were found in 5-day-old flies and the lowest in 15-day-old flies. The greatest metabolism of PCB-18 by housefly microsomes also occurred in 5-day-old flies. The enzyme levels, metabolism, and toxicity suggest that PCB-18 is bioactivated to a product(s) which reduces the mean survival time of houseflies.
在羽化后的第1天、第5天和第15天，将成年雌性家蝇（家蝇属）用丙酮溶解的10、15和20微克2,2',5-三氯联苯（PCB-18）进行局部给药。这些剂量导致5日龄家蝇的平均存活时间显著缩短。5日龄家蝇的半数致死时间（LT50，即50%死亡的时间）大幅缩短，而15日龄家蝇在任何处理水平下均未发现显著差异。通过（对硝基苯基）乙醚的O-脱烷基化速率测定1日龄、5日龄、11日龄和15日龄雌性家蝇腹部微粒体酶水平。在5日龄家蝇中发现酶水平最高，在15日龄家蝇中最低。家蝇微粒体对PCB-18的最大代谢也发生在5日龄家蝇中。酶水平、代谢和毒性表明，PCB-18被生物激活为一种或多种产物，从而缩短了家蝇的平均存活时间。
