Cole J R, Cascarelli A L, Mohn W W, Tiedje J M
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Oct;60(10):3536-42. doi: 10.1128/aem.60.10.3536-3542.1994.
A bacterium capable of anaerobic growth via reductive dehalogenation of 2-chlorophenol was isolated from a culture enriched from sediment taken from a small stream near Lansing, Mich. The organism, designated strain 2CP-1, is a gram-negative rod ca. 3 by 0.5 micron in size and is a catalase-negative, oxidase-negative, facultative anaerobe that forms small red colonies in anaerobic media. The organism grew in reduced anaerobic mineral medium supplemented with 2-chlorophenol, acetate, and vitamins, producing phenol as a product. It did not grow when either 2-chlorophenol or acetate was omitted. The growth yield was about 3 g of protein per mol of 2-chlorophenol dechlorinated, and the doubling time was 3.7 days. Only the ortho position was dehalogenated, and additional chlorines at other positions decreased or blocked ortho dechlorination. The organism also grew with fumarate as its electron acceptor. Dechlorination activity is inducible, since cultures grown in fumarate containing medium with 2-chlorophenol rapidly dechlorinated additional 2-chlorophenol, while cultures grown in the same medium without 2-chlorophenol did not. Analysis of the organism's 16S rRNA sequence revealed that it is a member of the delta proteobacteria, more closely related to the myxobacteria than to the sulfidogenic bacteria.
从密歇根州兰辛附近一条小溪的沉积物富集培养物中分离出一种能够通过2-氯苯酚的还原脱卤进行厌氧生长的细菌。该菌株命名为2CP-1，是革兰氏阴性杆菌，大小约为3×0.5微米，是过氧化氢酶阴性、氧化酶阴性的兼性厌氧菌，在厌氧培养基中形成小的红色菌落。该菌在添加了2-氯苯酚、乙酸盐和维生素的还原型厌氧矿物培养基中生长，产生苯酚作为产物。当省略2-氯苯酚或乙酸盐时，它不能生长。生长产量约为每摩尔脱氯的2-氯苯酚产生3克蛋白质，倍增时间为3.7天。仅邻位发生脱卤，其他位置的额外氯原子会降低或阻止邻位脱氯。该菌也能以富马酸盐作为电子受体生长。脱氯活性是可诱导的，因为在含有2-氯苯酚的富马酸盐培养基中生长的培养物能迅速使额外的2-氯苯酚脱氯，而在不含2-氯苯酚的相同培养基中生长的培养物则不能。对该菌16S rRNA序列的分析表明，它是δ变形菌纲的成员，与黏细菌的关系比与产硫化物细菌的关系更密切。
