Wang Y, Tao Q M, Zhao H Y, Tsuda F, Nagayama R, Yamamoto K, Tanaka T, Tokita H, Okamoto H, Miyakawa Y
Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Medical University, China.
J Hepatol. 1994 Oct;21(4):634-40. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8278(94)80112-6.
Blood units from voluntary as well as commercial donors in Beijing, China, were tested for hepatitis C virus RNA and antibodies, and for serological markers of hepatitis B virus infection. HCV RNA was detected less frequently in 1909 voluntary donors (5 (0.3%)), than in 1017 commercial donors (58 (5.7%)) (p < 0.001). Antibody to hepatitis C virus was detected by the second-generation enzyme immunoassay in 55 (87%) of 63 blood units with viremia. Evidence of present or past infection with hepatitis B virus was common both in voluntary (43.9%) and commercial (46.4%) donors. There were eight (13%) sera with HCV-RNA in which hepatitis C virus antibodies were not detectable by second-generation enzyme immunoassay. Of 63 HCV-RNA samples from donors, 33 (52%) were of genotype II, 18 (29%) of III and one (2%) of II + III. HCV-RNA in the remaining 11 (17%) were not classifiable into any of the genotypes I, II, III, IV and V. Genotype II was more frequent in viremic donors with elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (13/18 or 72%) than in those with normal levels (20/45 or 44%). These results indicate a low prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the general population in Beijing, and the limitations of identifying sera with viremia by second-generation enzyme immunoassay.
对来自中国北京无偿献血者和商业献血者的血液样本进行了丙型肝炎病毒RNA和抗体检测，以及乙肝病毒感染血清学标志物检测。在1909名无偿献血者中检测到丙型肝炎病毒RNA的频率（5例，占0.3%）低于1017名商业献血者（58例，占5.7%）（p<0.001）。在63份病毒血症血液样本中，第二代酶免疫法检测到丙型肝炎病毒抗体的有55份（87%）。目前或既往感染乙肝病毒的证据在无偿献血者（43.9%）和商业献血者（46.4%）中都很常见。有8份（13%）丙型肝炎病毒RNA血清样本，第二代酶免疫法检测不到丙型肝炎病毒抗体。在63份献血者的丙型肝炎病毒RNA样本中，33份（52%）为II型基因型，18份（29%）为III型，1份（2%）为II + III型。其余11份（17%）丙型肝炎病毒RNA无法归类为I、II、III、IV和V型中的任何一种。丙氨酸转氨酶水平升高的病毒血症献血者中II型基因型更为常见（13/18，即72%），高于水平正常者（20/45，即44%）。这些结果表明北京普通人群中丙型肝炎病毒感染率较低，以及第二代酶免疫法在识别病毒血症血清方面存在局限性。
