Gilliland F D, Samet J M
Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque 87131.
Cancer Surv. 1994;19-20:175-95.
During the 20th century, a dramatic epidemic of lung cancer deaths has occurred in many countries. The time trends of lung cancer incidence and mortality primarily reflect patterns of cigarette smoking, the predominant risk factor, but inconsistencies are evident in international comparisons. Although the predominant role of tobacco smoking as a cause of lung cancer throughout the world is amply documented, the persistence of tobacco smoking and the continued penetration of manufactured cigarettes into new markets provide a strong reason for continuing to monitor lung cancer trends. Changes in other risk factors for lung cancer and changes in diagnostic and death certificate reporting practices may also affect trends in rates. However, our understanding of the relationship between smoking and lung cancer allows forecasting of lung cancer rates for public health planning.
在20世纪，许多国家都出现了肺癌死亡人数急剧增加的疫情。肺癌发病率和死亡率的时间趋势主要反映了吸烟模式，吸烟是主要的风险因素，但在国际比较中明显存在不一致之处。尽管吸烟作为全球肺癌病因的主要作用有充分记录，但吸烟的持续存在以及机制卷烟持续打入新市场，为继续监测肺癌趋势提供了有力理由。肺癌其他风险因素的变化以及诊断和死亡证明报告做法的变化也可能影响发病率趋势。然而，我们对吸烟与肺癌之间关系的了解有助于预测肺癌发病率，以进行公共卫生规划。
