Jiang L Q, Streilein J W, McKinney C
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.
Dev Comp Immunol. 1994 Sep-Oct;18(5):421-31. doi: 10.1016/0145-305x(94)90007-8.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether immune privilege exists in the eye of goldfish and to explore from an evolutionary point of view the relationship between the immunological and neurobiological microenvironments in the eye. Neural retinal or scale allografts and autografts were implanted into the vitreous cavity or the anterior chamber of goldfish eyes. Histological examinations were conducted to determine the fate of these grafts. In order to detect donor-specific immune suppression induced by intraocular retinal allografts, scale allografts obtained from the same donors were subsequently implanted orthotopically and evaluated. Neural retinal allografts implanted intraocularly were rapidly rejected by postimplantation day 8. In contrast, neural retinal autografts survived well within the eye with no inflammation. Prior intraocular allografts, either scale or retinal grafts, did not prevent rejection of subsequent scale allografts nor did they induce down-regulation of systemic immunity. Thus, immune privilege does not exist in the goldfish eye, implying that immune privilege in the eye (or central nervous system) may be an evolutionary adaptation acquired by higher vertebrates. Considering that the capacity for neural regeneration in the central nervous system diminishes during evolution, the hypothesis that immune privilege and neural regeneration may be mutually exclusive properties is addressed.
本研究的目的是确定金鱼眼中是否存在免疫赦免，并从进化的角度探讨眼睛中免疫微环境与神经生物学微环境之间的关系。将神经视网膜或鳞片同种异体移植物和自体移植物植入金鱼眼的玻璃体腔或前房。进行组织学检查以确定这些移植物的命运。为了检测眼内视网膜同种异体移植物诱导的供体特异性免疫抑制，随后将从相同供体获得的鳞片同种异体移植物原位植入并进行评估。眼内植入的神经视网膜同种异体移植物在植入后第8天迅速被排斥。相比之下，神经视网膜自体移植物在眼内存活良好，无炎症反应。先前的眼内同种异体移植物，无论是鳞片移植物还是视网膜移植物，均不能防止随后的鳞片同种异体移植物被排斥，也未诱导全身免疫下调。因此，金鱼眼中不存在免疫赦免，这意味着眼睛（或中枢神经系统）中的免疫赦免可能是高等脊椎动物获得的一种进化适应。考虑到中枢神经系统中神经再生的能力在进化过程中会减弱，本文探讨了免疫赦免和神经再生可能是相互排斥的特性这一假说。
