Jones S A, Dickie B G, Klegeris A, Greenfield S A
University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, United Kingdom.
J Neural Transm Gen Sect. 1994;98(1):23-37. doi: 10.1007/BF01277592.
Within the substantia nigra acetylcholinesterase is released independently of cholinergic transmission: this release could be related to some aspects of motor control. To investigate this possibility, acetylcholinesterase release was continuously monitored in relation to specific movements evoked by central electrical stimulation. Increased intensities of stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in awake guinea-pigs produced a behavioural response, ranging from a decrease in spontaneous movement, to chewing, to both chewing and circling movements. Enhancement of acetylcholinesterase release occurred only when large scale movements (circling as well as chewing) were evoked by subthalamic stimulation: however, a similar protocol of stimulation during ketamine-induced anaesthesia did not produce any comparable movements nor any concomitant change in the release of acetylcholinesterase. Perfusion of the glutamate agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) into the substantia nigra also induced an increase in release of acetylcholinesterase from the substantia nigra of conscious animals, whereas (S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-proprionic acid (AMPA) did not significantly enhance acetylcholinesterase levels. It is concluded that AChE release in the substantia nigra can occur as a result of activation of glutamatergic subthalamic afferents, and that this activation may also be associated with changes in movement.
在黑质内，乙酰胆碱酯酶的释放独立于胆碱能传递：这种释放可能与运动控制的某些方面有关。为了研究这种可能性，我们持续监测了与中枢电刺激诱发的特定运动相关的乙酰胆碱酯酶释放情况。在清醒的豚鼠中，增加对丘脑底核的刺激强度会产生行为反应，从自发运动减少到咀嚼，再到咀嚼和转圈运动。只有当丘脑底核刺激诱发大规模运动（转圈以及咀嚼）时，乙酰胆碱酯酶释放才会增强：然而，在氯胺酮诱导的麻醉期间进行类似的刺激方案，并未产生任何可比的运动，也未引起乙酰胆碱酯酶释放的任何相应变化。向黑质灌注谷氨酸激动剂N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）也会诱导清醒动物黑质中乙酰胆碱酯酶释放增加，而（S）-α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基异恶唑-4-丙酸（AMPA）并未显著提高乙酰胆碱酯酶水平。得出的结论是，黑质中乙酰胆碱酯酶的释放可能是由于丘脑底核谷氨酸能传入纤维的激活所致，并且这种激活可能也与运动变化有关。
