Latash M L, Aruin A S, Neyman I, Nicholas J J, Shapiro M B
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1995 Apr;97(2):77-89. doi: 10.1016/0924-980x(94)00272-9.
Patients with Parkinson's disease, age-matched controls and young control subjects performed discrete elbow or wrist movements in a sagittal plane under the instruction to move one of the joints "as fast as possible." Relative stability of the other, postural joint was comparable in all 3 groups, while movement time was the highest in the patients and the lowest in young controls. Typically, EMG patterns in both muscle pairs acting at the joints demonstrated a commonly observed "tri-phasic" pattern. A cross-correlation analysis of the EMGs confirmed virtually simultaneous bursts in the wrist and elbow flexors and in the wrist and elbow extensors. In all 3 groups, there were no signs of anticipatory activation of postural muscles in about 90% of movements. We consider postural anticipation not a separate process, but a separate peripheral pattern of a single control process that may involve a number of joints and muscles. We conclude that the postural deficits in Parkinson's disease are not related to a basic deficit in the ability to generate feedforward postural adjustments but to other factors that may include the specificity of maintaining the vertical posture in the field of gravity.
帕金森病患者、年龄匹配的对照组以及年轻对照组受试者在矢状面内进行离散的肘部或腕部运动，按照指令尽可能快速地移动其中一个关节。在所有三组中，另一个作为姿势的关节的相对稳定性相当，而运动时间在患者中最长，在年轻对照组中最短。通常，作用于关节的两组肌肉中的肌电图模式都呈现出常见的“三相”模式。肌电图的互相关分析证实，腕部和肘部屈肌以及腕部和肘部伸肌几乎同时爆发。在所有三组中，约90%的运动中没有姿势肌肉预期激活的迹象。我们认为姿势预期不是一个单独的过程，而是一个单一控制过程的单独外周模式，该过程可能涉及多个关节和肌肉。我们得出结论，帕金森病中的姿势缺陷与产生前馈姿势调整能力的基本缺陷无关，而是与其他因素有关，这些因素可能包括在重力场中维持垂直姿势的特殊性。
