Litt R, Joseph A, Gale R
Department of Neonatology, Bikur Holim Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
Isr J Med Sci. 1995 May;31(5):303-8.
Twenty-four children born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW) in 1985 at Bikur Holim Hospital were followed until age 6 years. Their neurological status and developmental and cognitive abilities were examined at 1, 2 and 6 years of age respectively and were compared with a control group at age 6 years. Of the 24 VLBW children, 4 had major disabilities. Of those without major disabilities, mean total IQ (WPPSI) at six years was 101.5 +/- 11.3, not significantly different from their mean Mental Development Index (Bayley) at age 2 years which was 96.1 +/- 19.6, or from the mean total IQ of a control group of 6-year-old children which was 109.8 +/- 14.7. However, the mean verbal IQ of the VLBW children (95.3 +/- 11.7) was significantly lower than that of the control group (106.2 +/- 14.3) (P = 0.02). Minor neurological deficit was found in seven of the VLBW children and in only one of the controls (P = 0.05). These findings point to possible future learning difficulties and should alert both pediatricians and educationalists to the importance of long-term follow-up of VLBW children in order to identify and address their specific educational needs.
1985年在比库尔·霍利姆医院出生的24名极低出生体重（VLBW）早产儿被随访至6岁。分别在1岁、2岁和6岁时对他们的神经状态、发育和认知能力进行了检查，并与6岁时的对照组进行了比较。在这24名VLBW儿童中，4名有严重残疾。在没有严重残疾的儿童中，6岁时的平均总智商（韦氏幼儿智力量表）为101.5±11.3，与他们2岁时的平均心理发展指数（贝利量表）96.1±19.6以及6岁对照组儿童的平均总智商109.8±14.7相比，差异无统计学意义。然而，VLBW儿童的平均言语智商（95.3±11.7）显著低于对照组（106.2±14.3）（P = 0.02）。在7名VLBW儿童中发现有轻微神经功能缺损，而对照组中只有1名（P = 0.05）。这些发现表明未来可能存在学习困难，应提醒儿科医生和教育工作者注意对VLBW儿童进行长期随访的重要性，以便识别并满足他们的特殊教育需求。
