Huang Y W, Vitetta E S
Cancer Immunobiology Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
Stem Cells. 1995 Mar;13(2):123-34. doi: 10.1002/stem.5530130204.
In 1994, an estimated 12,700 new cases of multiple myeloma (MM) will be diagnosed in the USA and 9,800 patients will die from this disease. At present, a cure for MM has not been achieved with any chemotherapeutic regimen. Therefore, it is important to develop novel therapeutic approaches to treat this fatal disease. This review focuses on new concepts in the immunotherapy of MM. Thus far, interferons and anti-human interleukin (IL)-6 monoclonal anti-bodies (MAbs) have been used to treat patients with this disease. Bone marrow transplantation using autologous marrow purged with MAbs and complement, with anti-myeloma immunotoxins (ITs), or MAb-magnetic bead conjugates has been reported. Adoptive cellular therapy, in vivo with anti-CD3 and IL-2, as well as transplantation of purified autologous CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells, is now being evaluated in clinical trials. Anti-human IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) MAbs have shown promising results in the therapy of human myeloma cell lines in SCID mice, while an IL-6 antagonist protein, anti-gp130 MAbs, recombinant soluble gp130, anti-B7, anti-HLA-DR, and recombinant soluble CD16 also inhibit the growth of myeloma cell lines in vitro. These experimental therapeutic modalities hold promise for use in humans and may also provide further insights into the pathogenesis of MM.
1994年，美国预计将诊断出12,700例新的多发性骨髓瘤（MM）病例，9,800名患者将死于该疾病。目前，尚无任何化疗方案能治愈MM。因此，开发新的治疗方法来治疗这种致命疾病很重要。本综述聚焦于MM免疫治疗的新概念。迄今为止，干扰素和抗人白细胞介素（IL）-6单克隆抗体（MAb）已被用于治疗该病患者。已报道使用经MAb和补体清除的自体骨髓、抗骨髓瘤免疫毒素（IT）或MAb-磁珠缀合物进行骨髓移植。过继性细胞疗法，体内使用抗CD3和IL-2，以及纯化的自体CD34 +外周血干细胞移植，目前正在临床试验中进行评估。抗人IL-6受体（IL-6R）和抗CD54（ICAM-1）MAb在SCID小鼠中对人骨髓瘤细胞系的治疗已显示出有希望的结果，而一种IL-6拮抗剂蛋白、抗gp130 MAb、重组可溶性gp130、抗B7、抗HLA-DR和重组可溶性CD16在体外也能抑制骨髓瘤细胞系的生长。这些实验性治疗方式有望应用于人类，也可能为MM的发病机制提供进一步的见解。
