Cameron M M, Pessoa F A, Vasconcelos A W, Ward R D
Division of Parasite and Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, U.K.
Med Vet Entomol. 1995 Jul;9(3):263-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1995.tb00132.x.
In the Brazilian village of Boqueirão do Renato Parente, Ceará State, where visceral leishmaniasis is endemic, significant variation in the abundance of phlebotomine sandflies between different types of vegetation was demonstrated by castor oil sticky trap collections. Population densities of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) sandflies were higher in beans and maize crops than in the surrounding open and tree scrub. Significant relationships were detected between the abundances of sandflies and aphids, suggesting aphid honeydew as a potential food source. Sugar meal analysis, using high-performance anion exchange (HPAE) chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) and the cold anthrone test, was used to demonstrate that significantly more sandflies fed on bean plants contaminated with aphids and honeydew than on uncontaminated beans. Furthermore, higher concentrations of sugars were detected in flies which fed on aphid/honeydew-contaminated beans, suggesting that sugar was more easily available and/or that honeydew/aphids act as phagostimulants for sandflies. Amongst wild sandflies collected from a bean field, significantly more female sandflies were 'sugar-positive' than males, though the sugar concentrations in positive sandflies were similar for both sexes. The concentrations of di- and trisaccharides in sandfly homogenates, honeydew extracts and phloem exudates were very low.
在巴西塞阿拉州雷纳托·帕伦特的博凯朗村，内脏利什曼病呈地方流行，蓖麻油粘捕器收集结果表明，不同类型植被中白蛉的丰度存在显著差异。在豆类和玉米作物中，长须罗蛉的种群密度高于周围的开阔地和灌丛林地。白蛉和蚜虫的丰度之间存在显著关系，这表明蚜虫蜜露是一种潜在的食物来源。利用高效阴离子交换（HPAE）色谱结合脉冲安培检测（PAD）和冷蒽酮试验进行的糖餐分析表明，取食受蚜虫和蜜露污染豆类植物的白蛉明显多于取食未受污染豆类的白蛉。此外，在取食受蚜虫/蜜露污染豆类的白蛉体内检测到更高浓度的糖分，这表明糖分更容易获取，和/或蜜露/蚜虫对白蛉起到了摄食刺激作用。在从豆田采集的野生白蛉中，“糖阳性”的雌蛉明显多于雄蛉，不过阳性白蛉体内的糖浓度在两性中相似。白蛉匀浆、蜜露提取物和韧皮部渗出液中的二糖和三糖浓度非常低。
