Berlad I, Pratt H
Evoked Potentials Laboratory, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1995 Sep;96(5):472-4. doi: 10.1016/0168-5597(95)00116-a.
The P300 component is influenced by task relevance which is typically achieved by employing an active task involving the evoking stimulus. This study explored the possibility of making use of the subject's name, which is innately relevant to the subject, to achieve stimulus relevance. Dependence of P300 amplitude on auditory presentation of the subject's name was assessed in two experiments in which no response was required: (1) a passive 2-word "oddball" paradigm where the low probability word was the subject's first name; (2) a passive 3-word "oddball" paradigm consisting of two low probability words, one of which was the subject's name, and a third, high probability word. In the first experiment, a typical active 2-word "oddball" paradigm, which did not include the subject's name, was compared with the passive paradigm. P300 amplitude was larger in response to the subject's name compared to the other word in the two-word paradigm, indicating that the name can be used to evoke P300 in a passive paradigm. It was also larger than either of the other two words in the 3-word paradigm, suggesting that stimulus relevance has an additional effect on P300 amplitude beyond rarity.
P300成分受任务相关性影响，而任务相关性通常通过采用涉及诱发刺激的主动任务来实现。本研究探讨了利用与受试者本身固有相关的受试者姓名来实现刺激相关性的可能性。在两个无需做出反应的实验中，评估了P300波幅对受试者姓名听觉呈现的依赖性：（1）一种被动的双词“oddball”范式，其中低概率词是受试者的名字；（2）一种被动的三词“oddball”范式，由两个低概率词和一个高概率词组成，其中一个低概率词是受试者的名字。在第一个实验中，将一种不包含受试者姓名的典型主动双词“oddball”范式与被动范式进行了比较。与双词范式中的另一个词相比，对受试者姓名的反应中P300波幅更大，这表明在被动范式中，姓名可用于诱发P300。它在三词范式中也比其他两个词中的任何一个都大，这表明刺激相关性对P300波幅的影响除了稀有性之外还有额外作用。
