Carvalho F P
Instituto Nacional de Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial, Departamento de Proteccao e Seguranca Radiologica, Portugal.
Health Phys. 1995 Oct;69(4):469-80. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199510000-00004.
Through analysis of 210Po and 210Pb in the diet, the average ingestion rate for the Portuguese population is estimated at 1.2 and 0.47 Bq d-1 per capita for 210Po and 210Pb, respectively. Detailed analysis of foods indicate that seafood alone contributes up to 70% of the 210Po ingestion rate, whereas cereals, vegetables, and meat altogether contribute 79% of the 210Pb ingestion rate. Consumption of seafood, both in terms of quantities (kg d-1 per person) and preferential consumption of certain marine species, is the cause of the relatively high intake of 210Po and high 210Po:210Pb ratio in the diet in comparison with other countries. Other 210Po and 210Pb sources, namely inhalation of surface air and cigarette smoke, contribute only a small percentage of the absorption of these radionuclides in the blood. Estimated total body burdens of 210Po and 210Pb in adult men, 70 Bq, are 3.5 times higher than estimates for humans living in normal radioactivity regions and consuming a reference diet. Average whole body effective doses for the adult from the Portuguese population are estimated at about 85 microSv y-1 from 210Po and 170 microS y-1 from 210Pb absorbed with the diet. Effective dose from 210Po in the diet may vary from 25 microSv y-1 in a person consuming no seafood to 120 microSv y-1 in an heavy consumer of sardines, to 1,000 microSv y-1 in an hypothetical heavy consumer of molluscs.
通过对饮食中钋 - 210（²¹⁰Po）和铅 - 210（²¹⁰Pb）的分析，葡萄牙人群的平均摄入量估计分别为每人每天1.2贝克勒尔（Bq）的²¹⁰Po和0.47 Bq的²¹⁰Pb。对食物的详细分析表明，仅海鲜就占²¹⁰Po摄入量的70%，而谷物、蔬菜和肉类总共占²¹⁰Pb摄入量的79%。与其他国家相比，海鲜的食用量（每人每天千克数）以及对某些海洋物种的偏好性消费，是饮食中²¹⁰Po摄入量相对较高以及²¹⁰Po与²¹⁰Pb比例较高的原因。其他²¹⁰Po和²¹⁰Pb来源，即吸入地表空气和香烟烟雾，在血液中这些放射性核素的吸收中所占比例很小。成年男性体内²¹⁰Po和²¹⁰Pb的估计全身负担为70贝克勒尔，比生活在正常放射性区域并食用参考饮食的人的估计值高3.5倍。葡萄牙人群中成年人从饮食中吸收的²¹⁰Po产生的平均全身有效剂量估计约为85微希沃特每年（μSv y⁻¹），²¹⁰Pb产生的为170微希沃特每年。饮食中²¹⁰Po产生的有效剂量在不食用海鲜的人中可能低至25微希沃特每年，在大量食用沙丁鱼的人中为120微希沃特每年，在假设大量食用软体动物的人中则为1000微希沃特每年。
