Garrison C Z, Bryant E S, Addy C L, Spurrier P G, Freedy J R, Kilpatrick D G
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995 Sep;34(9):1193-201. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199509000-00017.
To examine rates and correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents after Hurricane Andrew.
A random-digit dialing sample of 158 Hispanic, 116 black, and 104 white adolescent-parent pairs were surveyed in high- and low-impact areas within Dade County, Florida, 6 months after Hurricane Andrew. Subjects completed a structured telephone interview focused on within-disaster experiences and emotional reaction, disaster-related losses, lifetime exposure to violent or traumatic events, recent stressful experiences, and psychiatric symptomatology.
Approximately 3% of males (95% confidence interval 0.4 to 5.3) and 9% of females (95% confidence interval 4.6 to 13.7) met the criteria for PTSD. Rates were highest among blacks (8.3%, 95% confidence interval 2.3 to 14.2) and Hispanics (6.1%, 95% confidence interval 2.2 to 9.9) and increased with age (odds ratio of 1.34, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.72) and the number of undesirable events reported (odds ratio of 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.21 to 1.57).
While only a relatively small percentage of adolescents reported symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of PTSD, most reported some posttraumatic symptoms. Postdisaster planning should recognize that common stressful events occurring after disasters may be more strongly associated with PTSD than magnitude of contact with the actual disaster.
研究安德鲁飓风过后青少年创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的发病率及其相关因素。
在安德鲁飓风过后6个月，对佛罗里达州戴德县高影响区和低影响区的158对西班牙裔、116对黑人以及104对白人青少年-家长进行随机数字拨号抽样调查。受试者完成了一次结构化电话访谈，内容集中在灾难中的经历和情绪反应、与灾难相关的损失、一生当中遭受暴力或创伤事件的情况、近期的压力经历以及精神症状。
约3%的男性（95%置信区间为0.4至5.3）和9%的女性（95%置信区间为4.6至13.7）符合PTSD的诊断标准。发病率在黑人（8.3%，95%置信区间为2.3至14.2）和西班牙裔（6.1%，95%置信区间为2.2至9.9）中最高，并随年龄增长（优势比为1.34，95%置信区间为1.04至1.72）以及报告的不良事件数量增加（优势比为1.38，95%置信区间为1.21至1.57）而升高。
虽然只有相对较小比例的青少年报告有符合PTSD诊断的症状，但大多数人报告有一些创伤后症状。灾后规划应认识到，灾难后发生的常见压力事件可能比与实际灾难的接触程度更能强烈地导致PTSD。
