Hall Brian J, Xiong Ying Xin, Yip Paul S Y, Lao Chao Kei, Shi Wei, Sou Elvo K L, Chang Kay, Wang Li, Lam Agnes I F
Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People's Republic of China.
Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2019 Jan 14;10(1):1558709. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2018.1558709. eCollection 2019.
: Direct exposure to natural disasters and related losses are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is less clear whether indirect media exposure is associated with PTSD. : This study investigated key exposure-related risk factors for PTSD and examined the effect of media exposure on the prevalence of disaster-related PTSD. : Typhoon Hato directly hit Macao on 23 August 2017. It was one of the most serious natural disasters ever to strike southern China. One month after the event, 1876 Chinese university students in Macao were recruited into a cross-sectional study (mean age 20.01 years, = 2.63; 66.2% female). Self-reported typhoon exposure, media use and exposure to disaster-related content, and PTSD symptoms were collected using an electronic survey. Univariable analyses assessed associations between risk factors and PTSD, which were then included in a series of multivariable logistic regressions. : The prevalence of PTSD was 5.1%. Adjusted models demonstrated that being male (vs female) [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-2.63], home damage (aOR = 2.86, 95% CI 1.71-4.78), witnessing people injured (aOR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.36-4.00), and almost drowning during the storm (aOR = 8.99, 95% CI 1.92-41.99) were associated with PTSD. After adjusting for direct exposure, indirect exposure to disaster-related social media content, including information related to drowning victims (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.00-1.67) and residents' emotional reactions (aOR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.44-2.72), was associated with PTSD. Viewing more information about the storm itself (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.28-0.49) and images of heroic acts (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.55-0.94) were significantly associated with lower odds of PTSD. : These findings add to the literature demonstrating that some types of media use and certain media content following a natural disaster are associated with PTSD.
直接暴露于自然灾害及相关损失与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）有关。间接的媒体接触是否与PTSD有关则不太明确。
本研究调查了与PTSD相关的关键暴露风险因素，并考察了媒体接触对与灾害相关的PTSD患病率的影响。
台风“天鸽”于2017年8月23日直接袭击了澳门。它是袭击中国南方的最严重自然灾害之一。事件发生一个月后，1876名澳门的中国大学生被纳入一项横断面研究（平均年龄20.01岁，标准差=2.63；66.2%为女性）。通过电子调查问卷收集了自我报告的台风暴露情况、媒体使用及接触灾害相关内容的情况，以及PTSD症状。单变量分析评估了风险因素与PTSD之间的关联，随后将这些因素纳入一系列多变量逻辑回归分析中。
PTSD的患病率为5.1%。校正模型显示，男性（与女性相比）[校正比值比（aOR）=1.68，95%置信区间（CI）1.07 - 2.63]、房屋受损（aOR = 2.86，95% CI 1.71 - 4.78）、目睹人员受伤（aOR = 2.33，95% CI 1.36 - 4.00）以及在风暴中险些溺水（aOR = 8.99，95% CI 1.92 - 41.99）与PTSD有关。在对直接暴露进行校正后，间接接触与灾害相关的社交媒体内容，包括与溺水受害者相关的信息（aOR = 1.29，95% CI 1.00 - 1.67）和居民的情绪反应（aOR = 1.98，95% CI 1.44 - 2.72）与PTSD有关。查看更多关于风暴本身的信息（aOR = 0.37，95% CI 0.28 - 0.49）和英雄行为的图片（aOR = 0.72，95% CI 0.55 - 0.94）与较低的PTSD患病几率显著相关。
这些发现补充了相关文献，表明自然灾害后的某些类型的媒体使用和特定媒体内容与PTSD有关。
