Rowlerson A, Mascarello F, Radaelli G, Veggetti A
Department of Physiology, UMDS, St. Thomas's Hospital Campus, London, UK.
J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1995 Jun;16(3):223-36. doi: 10.1007/BF00121131.
Post-hatching growth of lateral muscle in a teleost fish, Sparus aurata (L) was studied morphometrically to identify and quantify muscle fibre hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and by in vivo nuclear labelling with 5-bromo-deoxyuridine to identify areas of myoblast proliferation. Muscle fibre types were identified principally by myosin ATPase histochemistry and immunostaining, and labelled nuclei were identified at light and electronmicroscope level by immunostaining with a specific monoclonal antibody. Hyperplastic growth was slow at hatching, but then increased to a maximum at the mid-point of larval life. Larval hyperplastic growth occurred by apposition of new fibres along proliferation zones, principally just under the lateral line and in the apical regions of the myotome, but also just under the superficial monolayer at intermediate positions. The first of these zones gave rise to slow and pink muscle fibres, in a process which continued through into postlarval life. The other zones added new fibres to the fast-white muscle layer in a process which was exhausted by the end of larval life. Post-larvally, between 60 and 90 days posthatching, a new hyperplastic process started in the fast-white muscle as nuclei proliferated and new muscle fibres were formed throughout the whole layer. This process resulted in a several-fold increase in the number of fast-white fibres over a few weeks, and then waned to very low levels in juveniles. Hyperplasia by apposition continued for some time postlarvally on the deep surface of the superficial monolayer, but at this stage gave rise to slow fibres only. Hypertrophic growth occurred at all ages, but was the dominant mechanism of muscle growth only in the juvenile and adult stages. Mechanisms giving rise to these different growth processes in fish muscle are discussed, and compared with muscle development in higher vertebrates.
通过形态测量法研究了硬骨鱼金头鲷（Sparus aurata, L）幼鱼孵化后体侧肌肉的生长情况，以识别和量化肌纤维的增生和肥大，并通过5-溴脱氧尿苷进行体内核标记来识别成肌细胞增殖区域。主要通过肌球蛋白ATP酶组织化学和免疫染色来识别肌纤维类型，并通过用特异性单克隆抗体进行免疫染色，在光学显微镜和电子显微镜水平上识别标记的细胞核。增生性生长在孵化时较慢，但随后在幼体期中期增加到最大值。幼体增生性生长是通过新纤维沿增殖区附着而发生的，主要在侧线下方和肌节的顶端区域，也在中间位置的浅表层下方。这些区域中的第一个区域产生慢肌纤维和粉红色肌纤维，这一过程持续到幼体后期。其他区域则在快速白肌层中添加新纤维，这一过程在幼体期结束时耗尽。幼体后期，在孵化后60至90天之间，随着细胞核增殖和新的肌纤维在整个快速白肌层中形成，快速白肌中开始了一个新的增生过程。这一过程导致在几周内快速白肌纤维数量增加了几倍，然后在幼鱼中降至非常低的水平。幼体后期，浅表层深层的增生性附着持续了一段时间，但在这个阶段只产生慢肌纤维。肥大性生长在所有年龄段都有发生，但仅在幼鱼和成年阶段是肌肉生长的主要机制。本文讨论了鱼类肌肉中导致这些不同生长过程的机制，并与高等脊椎动物的肌肉发育进行了比较。
