Stegbauer C C, Engle V F, Graney M J
College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995 Oct;43(10):1103-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb07008.x.
To compare the health status of newly admitted lower socioeconomic status (SES) southern black (n = 81) and white (n = 53) nursing home residents.
The study data were part of a larger prospective study on the health of newly admitted nursing home residents.
A 575-bed, government-funded nursing home providing care for indigent residents in a large southern city.
Newly admitted black and white nursing home residents aged 60 and older.
Mental status was measured using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, activities of daily living by Scaled Outcome Criteria, and medical status by medical diagnoses and medications.
Blacks entering the nursing home were more cognitively and functionally impaired and had 3.7 years less education than white residents, but average age was not significantly different for black and white residents.
Many common health status measures showed no significant black-white differences for institutionalized older adults when region and SES were constants. However, mental status, self-care activities, and marital status were significantly different. These findings indicate a possible impact of lifelong poverty or low educational attainment on the increased disability of indigent black older adults. Black residents in our study had less spousal support to remain in the community.
比较新入住的社会经济地位较低（SES）的南方黑人（n = 81）和白人（n = 53）养老院居民的健康状况。
该研究数据是一项关于新入住养老院居民健康状况的大型前瞻性研究的一部分。
南方一个大城市的一家拥有575张床位、由政府资助的养老院，为贫困居民提供护理服务。
60岁及以上新入住的黑人和白人养老院居民。
使用简短便携式精神状态问卷测量精神状态，通过标准化结果标准测量日常生活活动能力，通过医学诊断和用药情况测量医疗状况。
入住养老院的黑人在认知和功能方面受损更严重，受教育年限比白人居民少3.7年，但黑人和白人居民的平均年龄没有显著差异。
当地区和社会经济地位保持不变时，许多常见的健康状况指标在机构化的老年人中未显示出显著的黑白差异。然而，精神状态、自我护理活动和婚姻状况存在显著差异。这些发现表明，终身贫困或低教育程度可能会对贫困黑人老年人残疾率上升产生影响。我们研究中的黑人居民获得的配偶支持较少，难以留在社区。
