Engle V F, Graney M J
College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995 Jul;50(4):M190-5. doi: 10.1093/gerona/50a.4.m190.
There will be greater numbers of Black female nursing home residents in the future, but past emphasis has been on the study of Black older adults in the community. The purpose of this study was to assess the health status stability of newly admitted female nursing home residents and to analyze Black-White differences in health status and health status stability.
Health status (mental status, activities of daily living [ADLs], self-reported mood, self-reported health) of Black (n = 98) and White (n = 260) female nursing home residents was evaluated during their first two weeks of residence. Time, race, and their interaction effects on health status were analyzed using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance.
All health status data showed stability or improvement, but there were significant race differences in both health status and health status stability. Black female residents had worse mental status and worse ADLs, and reported less alert mood, less tired mood, and better health. Race differences in stability were evident for hygiene, dressing, ambulation, and transferring ADLs: Black female residents were less likely to show improvements over time.
Black female residents are an at-risk population for special care needs in nursing homes.
未来黑人女性养老院居民的数量将会增加，但过去的研究重点一直是社区中的老年黑人。本研究的目的是评估新入住的女性养老院居民的健康状况稳定性，并分析黑人与白人在健康状况及健康状况稳定性方面的差异。
对98名黑人及260名白人女性养老院居民入住后的前两周进行健康状况评估（包括精神状态、日常生活活动能力[ADL]、自我报告的情绪、自我报告的健康状况）。采用重复测量多元方差分析，分析时间、种族及其交互作用对健康状况的影响。
所有健康状况数据均显示稳定或有所改善，但在健康状况及健康状况稳定性方面均存在显著的种族差异。黑人女性居民的精神状态和日常生活活动能力较差，且报告称警觉情绪较少、疲劳情绪较少、健康状况较好。在卫生、穿衣、行走和转移日常生活活动能力方面，稳定性的种族差异明显：随着时间推移，黑人女性居民改善的可能性较小。
黑人女性居民是养老院中需要特殊护理的高危人群。
