Poulsen G, Tos M
Scand Audiol. 1978;7(3):159-66. doi: 10.3109/01050397809076282.
Tympanometry was performed in 151 healthy children at birth and at 3 and 6 months of age. At birth 10.5% of the ears had a pressure of -100 mmH2O, and 0.3% a pressure of -125 mmH20. The pressure in most of these ears later became normalized. At 3 months of age 17.9% had a pressure of -100 mmH2O or less, and at 6 months of age 39.2%. At 6 months of age 1.3% of the ears had flat curves and middle ear effusion, and 9.6% had a pressure between -200 and -300 mmH2O. The pressure changes and their cause were analysed. Catarrhalia occurred in 23% of the infants before 3 months of age and in 60% in the 3-6 month period. This is an important though not the only etiological factor for the reduced ventilation in the middle ear, which probably occurs via oedema of the tubal mucosa and mild internal tubal occlusion. Ventilation was significantly reduced at 3 months of age in catarrhal girls, and in catarrhal boys at 6 months of age.
对151名健康儿童在出生时、3个月和6个月大时进行了鼓室导抗图检查。出生时，10.5%的耳朵压力为-100 mmH₂O，0.3%的耳朵压力为-125 mmH₂O。这些耳朵中大多数后来压力恢复正常。3个月大时，17.9%的耳朵压力为-100 mmH₂O或更低，6个月大时为39.2%。6个月大时，1.3%的耳朵呈平坦曲线且有中耳积液，9.6%的耳朵压力在-200至-300 mmH₂O之间。对压力变化及其原因进行了分析。23%的婴儿在3个月大之前出现卡他性炎症，3至6个月期间这一比例为60%。这是中耳通气减少的一个重要但并非唯一的病因，中耳通气减少可能是通过咽鼓管黏膜水肿和轻度咽鼓管内阻塞发生的。卡他性炎症的女孩在3个月大时通气显著减少，卡他性炎症的男孩在6个月大时通气显著减少。
