Oleszak E L, Kuzmak J, Good R A, Platsoucas C D
Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa 19140, USA.
Immunol Res. 1995;14(1):13-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02918495.
Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the family of picornaviruses. Intracranial inoculation of susceptible mouse strains with TMEV results in biphasic disease, consisting of early acute disease that resembles poliomyelitis, followed by late chronic demyelinating disease that is characterized by the appearance of chronic inflammatory demyelinating lesions. Susceptibility to TMEV infection is genetically controlled by three loci: one that maps to the H-2D region of the major histocompatibility complex, one to the beta-chain constant region of the T-cell antigen receptor, and one located on chromosome 3. Both early acute and chronic late demyelinating diseases are immunologically mediated. T cells appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. TMEV-induced demyelinating disease in mice has extensive similarities with multiple sclerosis, and it is considered one of the best experimental animal models for multiple sclerosis.
泰勒氏鼠脑脊髓炎病毒（TMEV）是一种单链RNA病毒，属于小核糖核酸病毒科。用TMEV对易感小鼠品系进行颅内接种会导致双相疾病，包括早期类似于脊髓灰质炎的急性疾病，随后是晚期慢性脱髓鞘疾病，其特征是出现慢性炎症性脱髓鞘病变。对TMEV感染的易感性由三个基因座进行遗传控制：一个定位于主要组织相容性复合体的H-2D区域，一个定位于T细胞抗原受体的β链恒定区，另一个位于3号染色体上。早期急性和晚期慢性脱髓鞘疾病均由免疫介导。T细胞似乎在该疾病的发病机制中起重要作用。TMEV诱导的小鼠脱髓鞘疾病与多发性硬化症有广泛的相似之处，被认为是多发性硬化症最佳的实验动物模型之一。
