Chrisman N J
Cult Med Psychiatry. 1977;1(4):351-77. doi: 10.1007/BF00116243.
Anthropological research on health-related behaviors in the United States has tended to emphasize folk illnesses among particular subcultural groups, obscuring the heterogeneity of popular culture health beliefs and practices in the lay health system. The development of theoretical models for this complex society will require research that stresses similarity as well as diversity within and between population groups. The health seeking process is proposed in this paper as a means to document natural histories of illness in any subculture. Concepts from medical anthropology and medical sociology are related to five components of health seeking -- symptom definition, illness-related shifts in role behavior, lay consultation and referral, treatment actions, and adherence. Illustrative propositions to guide further research are proposed.
美国关于健康相关行为的人类学研究往往侧重于特定亚文化群体中的民间疾病，从而掩盖了大众文化在非专业健康体系中的健康观念和行为的异质性。针对这个复杂社会构建理论模型，需要开展强调人群内部及不同人群之间的相似性与多样性的研究。本文提出将寻求健康过程作为记录任何亚文化中疾病自然史的一种方式。医学人类学和医学社会学的概念与寻求健康的五个组成部分相关——症状定义、与疾病相关的角色行为转变、非专业咨询与转诊、治疗行动以及坚持治疗。文中还提出了用以指导进一步研究的说明性命题。
