Pachter L M
Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut, Hartford.
JAMA. 1994 Mar 2;271(9):690-4. doi: 10.1001/jama.271.9.690.
This article presents an approach to the evaluation of patient-held beliefs and behaviors that may not be concordant with those of biomedicine. Physicians and patients often hold discrepant models of health and illness that may affect the effectiveness of communication during the clinical visit. An extreme example of such a discrepancy exists when the patient feels that he or she has an illness that is not defined within the biomedical paradigm. These are commonly referred to as folk illnesses. An example of such an illness is provided in order to discuss the effects of folk beliefs on patient-held perceptions of health and sickness, treatment-seeking behavior, clinical care, and physician-patient communication. Guidelines for addressing clinical issues surrounding folk beliefs and behaviors in a culturally sensitive way are discussed.
本文提出了一种评估患者所持信念和行为的方法，这些信念和行为可能与生物医学的信念和行为不一致。医生和患者通常持有不同的健康和疾病模式，这可能会影响临床就诊期间沟通的有效性。当患者觉得自己患有一种在生物医学范式中未定义的疾病时，就会出现这种差异的极端例子。这些通常被称为民间疾病。本文提供了这样一种疾病的例子，以讨论民间信念对患者所持的健康和疾病认知、求医行为、临床护理以及医患沟通的影响。还讨论了以文化敏感的方式处理围绕民间信念和行为的临床问题的指南。
