Tsuchiya K, Nakauchi M, Hondo I, Nihei H
Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical College.
Nihon Rinsho. 1995 Aug;53(8):1995-2000.
It is well known that renal dysfunction is associated with several types of electrolyte disorders. On the other hand, renal manifestations have been attributed to electrolyte disorders. Hypokalemia is the most frequent electrolyte abnormality encountered in clinical practice. The main cause of hypokalemia is due to abuse of laxatives and diuretics or to anorexia nervosa. Hypercalcemia is another major electrolyte abnormality, associated with numerous renal manifestations. Renal tubules damages and chronic interstitial nephritis are characteristic pathological findings in prolonged electrolyte disorders. The mechanism of renal involvement and characteristic clinical manifestations of the electrolyte disorders are reviewed.
众所周知，肾功能不全与多种类型的电解质紊乱有关。另一方面，肾脏表现也归因于电解质紊乱。低钾血症是临床实践中最常见的电解质异常。低钾血症的主要原因是滥用泻药和利尿剂或神经性厌食症。高钙血症是另一种主要的电解质异常，与多种肾脏表现相关。肾小管损伤和慢性间质性肾炎是长期电解质紊乱的特征性病理表现。本文综述了电解质紊乱累及肾脏的机制及特征性临床表现。
