Wenzel H G
J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 1978 Dec;7(2):185-206.
In several 100 climatic chamber experiments young healthy acclimatized men were exposed successively to combinations of ambient temperature and air humidity that were varied systematically from day to day within the range of 15 to 57 degrees C and 8 to 97% relative humidity, with air speed kept constant at 0.3 m/s. The subjects who were nearly nude were exposed at rest and at different treadmill work levels (metabolic rates up to about 1350 kJ/h). Each exposure lasted between two and six h. It was found that body temperatures and heart rate, but not loss of sweat, were suitable criteria for indicating equal stress conditions. Equations were derived describing those climatic combinations which were equivalent at the various activity levels of each subject. The slope of the respective equivalence curves plotted in psychrometric charts varied systematically with work level. The curves obtained for various subjects at any given activity level showed similarities, so that the calculation of an equivalence system common to all subjects seemed to be justified. A detailed comparison of these results with previous indices is presented. The combinations of ambient temperatures and humidities that were found to be equivalent under the given conditions of physical activity corresponded particularly well with the Index of Physiological Effect (ROBINSON et al.). There was also good agreement with the P4SR Index (MCARDLE et al.). The combinations corresponded with other indices (Heat Stress Index of BELDING and HATCH, Index of Thermal Stress of GIVONI) and with Basic Effective Temperature and Wet-bulb Globe Temperature only within limited ranges of climate depending upon work level. A procedure is presented which allows one to evaluate in terms of physiological responses how far various indices describe equivalent stress conditions correctly.
在多个气候舱实验中，让年轻健康且适应环境的男性连续暴露于环境温度和空气湿度的组合中，这些组合每天在15至57摄氏度以及8%至97%相对湿度的范围内系统变化，风速保持恒定在0.3米/秒。几乎裸体的受试者在休息状态以及不同的跑步机工作强度（代谢率高达约1350千焦/小时）下接受暴露。每次暴露持续两到六个小时。结果发现，体温和心率而非出汗量是表明同等应激条件的合适标准。推导得出了描述在每个受试者的不同活动水平下等效的气候组合的方程式。在温湿图中绘制的各个等效曲线的斜率随工作强度而系统变化。在任何给定活动水平下，不同受试者获得的曲线显示出相似性，因此计算所有受试者共有的等效系统似乎是合理的。将这些结果与先前的指标进行了详细比较。在给定的身体活动条件下被发现等效的环境温度和湿度组合与生理效应指数（罗宾逊等人）特别吻合。与P4SR指数（麦卡德尔等人）也有很好的一致性。这些组合仅在取决于工作强度的有限气候范围内与其他指标（贝尔丁和哈奇的热应激指数、吉沃尼的热应力指数）以及基础有效温度和湿球黑球温度相符。提出了一种程序，该程序可以根据生理反应评估各种指标在多大程度上正确描述了等效应激条件。
