Saffroy R, Bachelot C, Rendu F
Inserm U428, UFR des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Paris, France.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1995;53(3):97-105.
The aim of this review is (i) to classify the different monoclonal antibodies against platelet glycoproteins according to their properties and (ii) to take stock of their many diagnostic and therapeutic uses. Most of these antibodies recognize antigens on resting platelets without inducing activation, sometimes however they inhibit platelet function. Some of these antibodies, especially those against specific antigens (GPIIb/IIIa, CD9, CD36), have the capacity to activate platelets in vitro, either by direct binding of antibodies on the antigen or through the Fc domain binding to its platelet receptor Fc gamma RII. Other antibodies are directed against activation-dependent antigens that are expressed as a result of (i) a modification of a glycoprotein structure during platelet activation (as for GPIIb/IIIa), (ii) platelet release of granular antigens (GMP140, CD63, granulophysin...) or (iii) binding of soluble antigens on the activated platelet surface. Monoclonal antibodies find practical applications for both in vitro and in vivo diagnosis of bleeding or thrombotic pathology with some of them, notably anti-GPIIb/IIIa, having a promising future for antithrombotic therapy.
（i）根据其特性对不同的抗血小板糖蛋白单克隆抗体进行分类，以及（ii）评估它们在诊断和治疗方面的多种用途。这些抗体中的大多数识别静息血小板上的抗原而不诱导激活，但有时它们会抑制血小板功能。其中一些抗体，特别是那些针对特定抗原（糖蛋白IIb/IIIa、CD9、CD36）的抗体，能够在体外激活血小板，要么通过抗体直接结合抗原，要么通过Fc结构域与血小板受体FcγRII结合。其他抗体则针对激活依赖性抗原，这些抗原是由于（i）血小板激活过程中糖蛋白结构的改变（如糖蛋白IIb/IIIa）、（ii）血小板释放颗粒抗原（GMP140、CD63、颗粒溶素等）或（iii）可溶性抗原与激活的血小板表面结合而表达的。单克隆抗体在体外和体内诊断出血或血栓形成性疾病方面都有实际应用，其中一些，特别是抗糖蛋白IIb/IIIa抗体，在抗血栓治疗方面前景广阔。
