Reed J T, Ghadially R, Elias P M
Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Arch Dermatol. 1995 Oct;131(10):1134-8.
Previous studies that compared transepidermal water loss in subjects of different race and sex showed minimal differences in basal permeability barrier function. These studies often did not assess the ability of the stratum corneum to withstand or recover from insults to the epidermal permeability barrier. We compared epidermal permeability barrier function in the following human subjects (age range, 22 to 38 years): white (n = 8) vs Asian (n = 6); male (n = 7) vs female (n = 7); and skin type II/III (n = 14) vs skin type V/VI (n = 7) (scale, I to VI). Basal transepidermal water loss was measured by evaporimetry (three sites) on the volar aspect of the forearm. Barrier integrity then was assessed by determining the number of tape strippings required to reach a transepidermal water loss greater than or equal to 20 g/m2 per hour. The rates of barrier recovery then were compared at 6, 24, and 48 hours and 1 week after abrogation.
Neither the number of tape strippings required to perturb the barrier nor the rates of barrier recovery were significantly different in white vs Asian subjects or in female vs male subjects. However, patients with skin types II/III required only 29.6 +/- 2.4 tape strippings to perturb the barrier, while the skin type V/VI group required 66.7 +/- 6.9 tape strippings. Furthermore, while barrier function in skin type II/III recovered by approximately 20% by 6 hours and 55% by 48 hours, barrier function in skin type V/VI, independent of race, recovered more quickly, 43% and 72% at 6 and 48 hours, respectively. Finally, neither the differences in barrier integrity nor in rates of recovery could be attributed to variations in cohesiveness, since stripping appears to remove the same weight of stratum corneum in both groups.
Darkly pigmented skin displays both a more resistant barrier and one that recovers more quickly after perturbation by tape stripping than does the skin of individuals with lighter pigmentation. These findings have potential implications for transdermal delivery of topical or systemic therapeutic agents, the ability of individuals with different skin types to withstand environmental or occupational insults, and the influence of acquired hyperpigmentation or pigment loss to influence permeability.
既往比较不同种族和性别人群经皮水分流失的研究显示，基础渗透屏障功能差异极小。这些研究往往未评估角质层抵御表皮渗透屏障损伤或从损伤中恢复的能力。我们比较了以下人类受试者（年龄范围22至38岁）的表皮渗透屏障功能：白人（n = 8）与亚洲人（n = 6）；男性（n = 7）与女性（n = 7）；以及II/III型皮肤（n = 14）与V/VI型皮肤（n = 7）（I至VI级）。通过在前臂掌侧蒸发测定法（三个部位）测量基础经皮水分流失。然后通过确定达到经皮水分流失大于或等于20 g/m² 每小时所需的胶带剥离次数来评估屏障完整性。在去除屏障后6、24、48小时和1周比较屏障恢复率。
在白人受试者与亚洲受试者之间或女性受试者与男性受试者之间，扰乱屏障所需的胶带剥离次数以及屏障恢复率均无显著差异。然而，II/III型皮肤的患者仅需29.6 ± 2.4次胶带剥离即可扰乱屏障，而V/VI型皮肤组则需要66.7 ± 6.9次胶带剥离。此外，虽然II/III型皮肤的屏障功能在6小时时恢复约20%，在48小时时恢复55%，但V/VI型皮肤的屏障功能，与种族无关，恢复得更快，在6小时和48小时时分别恢复43%和72%。最后，屏障完整性和恢复率的差异均不能归因于内聚力的变化，因为两组胶带剥离似乎去除了相同重量的角质层。
与色素较浅个体的皮肤相比，色素沉着较深的皮肤表现出更具抵抗力的屏障，并且在胶带剥离扰动后恢复得更快。这些发现对于局部或全身治疗药物的透皮给药、不同皮肤类型个体抵御环境或职业损伤的能力以及获得性色素沉着过度或色素脱失对渗透性的影响具有潜在意义。
