Wagstaff J
Department of Oncology, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Cancer. 1995 Jul-Aug;31A(7-8):1323-5. doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00211-z.
Biological response modifiers are agents which exert their antitumour effects indirectly via modulation of the host's response to the tumour. Immunotherapeutic approaches which fall into this category can be divided into specific and non-specific. An example of the latter is the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with levamisole which improves survival of patients with colorectal carcinoma when utilised in an adjuvant setting. Specific immunotherapy using active specific immunisation is attracting much attention. This is in part due to improvements in survival seen in one randomised clinical trial in an adjuvant setting, and also to exciting advances in the fields of tumour immunity and vaccine development. The development of more effective vaccines promises much for patients with early colorectal carcinomas.
生物反应调节剂是通过调节宿主对肿瘤的反应来间接发挥抗肿瘤作用的药物。属于这一类别的免疫治疗方法可分为特异性和非特异性两种。后者的一个例子是5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）与左旋咪唑联合使用，在辅助治疗中应用时可提高结直肠癌患者的生存率。使用主动特异性免疫的特异性免疫疗法正备受关注。部分原因是在一项辅助治疗的随机临床试验中观察到生存率有所提高，也是由于肿瘤免疫和疫苗开发领域取得了令人振奋的进展。更有效的疫苗的开发为早期结直肠癌患者带来了很大希望。
