Naguib M, Samarkandi A H, Bakhamees H S, Magboul M A, el-Bakry A K
Department of Anaesthesia, King Saud University, Faculty of Medicine at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Br J Anaesth. 1995 Nov;75(5):588-92. doi: 10.1093/bja/75.5.588.
We have examined the effects of different benzyl-isoquinolinium and steroidal neuromuscular blocking compounds on plasma concentrations of histamine, heart rate and arterial pressure in surgical patients. A single, rapid (5-s) bolus of mivacurium 0.2 mg kg-1, atracurium 0.6 mg kg-1, tubocurarine 0.5 mg kg-1, vecuronium 0.1 mg kg-1 or rocuronium 0.6 mg kg-1 was administered to 75 patients (n = 15 in each group). Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone 6 mg kg-1 i.v. and maintained with isoflurane and 70% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Venous blood samples were obtained before induction, 1 min after thiopentone and 1, 3 and 5 min after administration of the neuromuscular blocking drug. Mivacurium, atracurium and tubocurarine caused 370%, 234% and 252% increases in plasma histamine concentrations at 1 min, respectively. Corresponding values at 3 min were 223%, 148% and 157%, respectively. These changes were significant (P < 0.01) at 1 and 3 min. In contrast, the rocuronium and vecuronium groups had no significant changes in either plasma histamine concentrations or haemodynamic variables.
我们研究了不同的苄基异喹啉和甾体类神经肌肉阻滞化合物对手术患者血浆组胺浓度、心率和动脉压的影响。对75例患者（每组n = 15）分别单次快速（5秒）推注0.2 mg/kg米库氯铵、0.6 mg/kg阿曲库铵、0.5 mg/kg筒箭毒碱、0.1 mg/kg维库溴铵或0.6 mg/kg罗库溴铵。静脉注射6 mg/kg硫喷妥钠诱导麻醉，并用异氟烷和70%氧化亚氮与氧气混合维持麻醉。在诱导前、硫喷妥钠注射后1分钟以及神经肌肉阻滞药物给药后1、3和5分钟采集静脉血样。米库氯铵、阿曲库铵和筒箭毒碱在1分钟时分别使血浆组胺浓度增加370%、234%和252%。3分钟时的相应值分别为223%、148%和157%。这些变化在1分钟和3分钟时具有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。相比之下，罗库溴铵组和维库溴铵组的血浆组胺浓度和血流动力学变量均无显著变化。
