Giorgetti R, Rassu M, Tagliabracci A, Franchin E, Palù G, Ferrara S D
Istituto di Medicina Legale dell'Università di Padova, Italy.
Int J Legal Med. 1995;107(6):296-300. doi: 10.1007/BF01246876.
The forensic usefulness of the detection of HIV infection in bloodstains is linked to the increasing spread of HIV infection and the consequent rise in the number of forensic cases involving HIV-positive subjects. This study was designed to detect HIV infection in bloodstains of various ages obtained from HIV-positive patients treated with zidovudine (3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, AZT) using PCR methods. Of the 3 kinds of extraction and amplification methods checked, only a nested PCR method for the amplification of a sequence located in the HIV Reverse Transcriptase (RT) region was successful. This method, involving 2 amplification steps (1: fragment of 768 bp; 2: codons 41-67-70-215-219), encompasses the mutations commonly observed during AZT therapy and overcomes the limitations inherent in serological testing. The discriminatory power of the method can detect specific mutation patterns in the RT gene linked to drug resistance and compares the specific pattern of the blood-stain with fresh blood or other specimens from the subject in question.
在血迹中检测HIV感染的法医学实用性与HIV感染的日益传播以及随之而来的涉及HIV阳性个体的法医案件数量增加有关。本研究旨在使用PCR方法检测从接受齐多夫定（3'-叠氮-3'-脱氧胸苷，AZT）治疗的HIV阳性患者获得的不同年龄血迹中的HIV感染。在所检查的3种提取和扩增方法中，只有一种用于扩增HIV逆转录酶（RT）区域序列的巢式PCR方法成功。该方法包括2个扩增步骤（1：768 bp片段；2：密码子41 - 67 - 70 - 215 - 219），涵盖了AZT治疗期间常见的突变，并克服了血清学检测固有的局限性。该方法的鉴别能力可以检测与耐药性相关的RT基因中的特定突变模式，并将血迹的特定模式与来自相关个体的新鲜血液或其他样本进行比较。
