Bottino C, Vitale M, Pende D, Biassoni R, Moretta A
Centro di Biotecnologie Avanzate, Genova, Italy.
Semin Immunol. 1995 Apr;7(2):67-73. doi: 10.1006/smim.1995.0010.
Recent studies have shown that NK cells recognize HLA-class I molecules. Moreover, the analysis of NK cell clones has provided evidence that they are capable of discriminating between different groups of HLA alleles. HLA class I recognition generates a negative signal which inhibits the NK cell cytotoxicity, thus resulting in target cell protection. HLA-class I recognition is mediated by clonally distributed receptors, some of which have been identified, characterized and cloned. The first two identified receptors were shown to be specific for HLA-C alleles, each recognizing a group of alleles sharing two amino acidic positions (77 and 80) in the peptide binding groove. The HLA-C specific receptors are represented by two 58 Kd (p58) molecules that are highly homologous, as shown by both biochemical analysis and by the comparison of the corresponding genes. Two additional receptors have been recently identified, which recognize two distinct groups of HLA-B alleles. These receptors are represented by the CD94 and by the NKB1 molecules, recognizing the Bw6 and Bw4 supertypic specificities. Recent analysis of the surface receptors involved in NK cell triggering has provided evidence that class I specific NK receptors can, in some instances, induce NK cell triggering, thus contributing to the activatory pathway of NK cells.
最近的研究表明，自然杀伤（NK）细胞能够识别I类人类白细胞抗原（HLA）分子。此外，对NK细胞克隆的分析提供了证据，证明它们能够区分不同组别的HLA等位基因。I类HLA识别产生一个负信号，抑制NK细胞的细胞毒性，从而保护靶细胞。I类HLA识别由克隆分布的受体介导，其中一些受体已被鉴定、表征和克隆。最初鉴定出的两种受体显示对HLA - C等位基因具有特异性，每种受体识别在肽结合槽中共享两个氨基酸位置（77和80）的一组等位基因。HLA - C特异性受体由两个58千道尔顿（p58）分子代表，生化分析和相应基因比较均显示这两个分子高度同源。最近又鉴定出另外两种受体，它们识别两组不同的HLA - B等位基因。这些受体由CD94和NKB1分子代表，分别识别Bw6和Bw4超型特异性。最近对参与NK细胞激活的表面受体的分析提供了证据，表明I类特异性NK受体在某些情况下可以诱导NK细胞激活，从而促进NK细胞的激活途径。
