Guglielmo B J
Division of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0622, USA.
Pharm World Sci. 1995 Jul 28;17(4):96-102. doi: 10.1007/BF01872385.
The use and misuse of antimicrobial agents is well documented in the literature. A variety of mechanisms has been used to enhance the appropriate use of these agents. A widely used initial strategy is the formation of multidisciplinary groups, such as Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committees or antimicrobial subcommittees, which are responsible for all antimicrobial policies for the health-care facility. Other techniques include the use of antimicrobial order sheets, automatic stop orders, therapeutic substitution, antibiotic restriction systems, and the use of selective antimicrobial susceptibility reporting systems. Many of these strategies have been reported to be effective in the management of antimicrobial usage; however, they also result in increased administrative and monitoring costs. Antimicrobial control systems must be individualized to the health-care facility.
抗菌药物的使用与滥用在文献中已有充分记载。人们采用了多种机制来促进这些药物的合理使用。一种广泛应用的初始策略是组建多学科小组，如药学与治疗学委员会或抗菌药物小组委员会，它们负责医疗机构的所有抗菌药物政策。其他技术包括使用抗菌药物医嘱单、自动停药医嘱、治疗性替换、抗生素限制系统以及使用选择性抗菌药物敏感性报告系统。据报道，这些策略中的许多在抗菌药物使用管理方面是有效的；然而，它们也会导致行政和监测成本增加。抗菌药物控制系统必须根据医疗机构的具体情况进行个性化设置。
