Kendler K S, Walsh D
Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
Br J Psychiatry. 1995 Aug;167(2):184-92. doi: 10.1192/bjp.167.2.184.
Gender may have a significant impact on the prevalence, age at onset, symptoms, course and outcome of schizophrenia, as well as on the pattern of psychopathology in relatives.
We examined these questions in the Roscommon Family Study, in which the probands were epidemiologically sampled from a case registry and followed up an average of 15 years after onset. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 86% of traceable living relatives.
The treated lifetime prevalence of DSM-III-R schizophrenia was 0.54 +/- 0.06% in men and 0.28 +/- 0.04% in women. No significant differences were seen in the age at onset, symptoms, course or outcome of schizophrenia. The risks for schizophrenia, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, affective illness and alcoholism were similar in relatives of male and female schizophrenic probands.
Gender has little impact on the presentation and course of schizophrenia in the west of Ireland. The familial liability to schizophrenia did not differ in affected men and women. No evidence was found that schizophrenia in women, compared to men, is, from a symptomatic or familial perspective, more closely related to affective illness. The substantial gender difference in the prevalence rate of schizophrenia in Ireland cannot be explained by women having a greater resistance to the familial predisposition to illness.
性别可能对精神分裂症的患病率、发病年龄、症状、病程及预后产生重大影响，同时也会影响亲属的精神病理学模式。
我们在罗斯康芒家族研究中对这些问题进行了研究，该研究中的先证者是从病例登记处进行流行病学抽样的，发病后平均随访15年。对86%可追踪到的在世亲属进行了面对面访谈。
DSM-III-R精神分裂症的终生治疗患病率男性为0.54±0.06%，女性为0.28±0.04%。精神分裂症的发病年龄、症状、病程或预后未见显著差异。男性和女性精神分裂症先证者的亲属患精神分裂症、精神分裂症谱系障碍、情感性疾病和酒精中毒的风险相似。
在爱尔兰西部，性别对精神分裂症的表现和病程影响不大。男性和女性精神分裂症患者的家族易感性没有差异。没有证据表明，从症状或家族角度来看，女性精神分裂症与情感性疾病的关系比男性更密切。爱尔兰精神分裂症患病率中存在的显著性别差异，不能用女性对家族性疾病易感性具有更强抵抗力来解释。
