Patel K B, Nicolau D P, Nightingale C H, Quintiliani R
Department of Pharmacy, Hartford Hospital, CT 06102, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995 May-Jun;22(1-2):49-55. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(95)00072-i.
Cefotaxime is a third-generation cephalosporin that has maintained good susceptibility pattern despite its extensive use. It is available for intravenous and intramuscular administration. Its pharmacokinetic property includes a small volume of distribution with low protein binding. Cefotaxime's half-life is approximately 1.1 h, and it is primarily eliminated by the kidney. It has an active metabolite desacetyl-cefotaxime that displays pharmacokinetic properties similar to cefotaxime. Desacetyl-cefotaxime has a half-life of 1.5 h and also is eliminated by the kidneys by both glomerular filtration and active secretion. The half-life of cefotaxime and its metabolite is altered in patients with severe renal dysfunction requiring dosage adjustment. Despite its relatively short half-life, cefotaxime may be dosed every 12 h based on its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
头孢噻肟是一种第三代头孢菌素，尽管广泛使用，但其药敏模式仍保持良好。它可用于静脉注射和肌肉注射。其药代动力学特性包括分布容积小、蛋白结合率低。头孢噻肟的半衰期约为1.1小时，主要经肾脏消除。它有一种活性代谢物去乙酰头孢噻肟，其药代动力学特性与头孢噻肟相似。去乙酰头孢噻肟的半衰期为1.5小时，也通过肾小球滤过和主动分泌经肾脏消除。对于需要调整剂量的严重肾功能不全患者，头孢噻肟及其代谢物的半衰期会发生改变。尽管头孢噻肟的半衰期相对较短，但根据其药代动力学和药效学特性，给药间隔可为每12小时一次。
