Biegel D E, Tracy E M, Song L
Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7164, USA.
Community Ment Health J. 1995 Aug;31(4):335-49. doi: 10.1007/BF02207520.
In order to empirically assess the existence, strength, and relative influence of barriers to social network interventions for persons with severe mental disability which have been cited in the literature, a survey of the knowledge and attitudes of social networks and social network interventions of eighty mental health case managers and case management supervisors was conducted. Findings indicate gaps in case managers' level of knowledge of social networks, with items based on empirical knowledge about social networks and severe mental disability least likely to be answered correctly. Case managers both perceive, and have experienced, a significant number of obstacles that affect their ability to develop social network interventions-system barriers (paperwork, caseload size, lack of case manager time, etc.), community barriers (stigma and lack of resources), and client/family barriers (lack of interest in social networks, clients having a "burnt out" network, clients not wanting to identify social network needs, etc.). Case managers cited few major barriers pertaining to their own level of knowledge, skills, or interest in, social network interventions. Strategies to address identified barriers are presented.
为了实证评估文献中所提及的针对重度精神残疾者的社交网络干预障碍的存在情况、强度及相对影响，我们对80名心理健康个案管理员和个案管理监督员进行了一项关于社交网络知识与态度以及社交网络干预的调查。结果表明，个案管理员在社交网络知识水平方面存在差距，基于关于社交网络和重度精神残疾的实证知识的项目最不容易被正确回答。个案管理员既察觉到了，也经历过大量影响其开展社交网络干预能力的障碍——系统障碍（文书工作、工作量大小、个案管理员时间不足等）、社区障碍（污名化和资源匮乏）以及服务对象/家庭障碍（对社交网络缺乏兴趣、服务对象的社交网络“枯竭”、服务对象不想确定社交网络需求等）。个案管理员提及的与他们自身在社交网络干预方面的知识水平、技能或兴趣相关的主要障碍较少。本文还提出了应对已识别障碍的策略。
