日本男性饮酒、饮食习惯与血压之间的关联。

Choudhury S R, Okayama A, Kita Y, Ueshima H, Yamakawa M, Niki I, Sasaki S

Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan.

J Hypertens. 1995 Jun;13(6):587-93. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199506000-00003.

OBJECTIVE

To clarify the relationships between blood pressure and alcohol, nutrients and electrolytes intakes in Japanese men.

DESIGN AND METHOD

A dietary survey was conducted in a rural population of Japan by the 2-day dietary record method, and blood pressure was measured with a standard sphygmomanometer. Blood pressure levels, nutrients and electrolytes intakes were compared among the non-drinkers and the tertiles of the alcohol-drinking subjects. The relationships between blood pressure and nutrients, electrolytes and alcohol intakes were also determined by multiple regression analysis.

RESULTS

Age and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were positively, and percentage of energy from fat and carbohydrates was negatively, related to the drinking categories. Univariate analysis showed that SBP was significantly related to age, body mass index (BMI) and alcohol intake, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was also significantly related to age, BMI and alcohol intake. Both SBP and DBP had a significant inverse relationship with the percentage of energy from fat (P < 0.01). Both SBP and DBP were significantly related to drinking categories when the effects of age, BMI and percentage energy from fat intake on blood pressure were adjusted for (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed SBP to be significantly and positively associated with age, BMI and alcohol intake, and negatively associated with potassium intake, whereas DBP was significantly and positively associated with BMI and total energy intake, and was negatively associated with potassium and the percentage of energy intake from fat and carbohydrates.

CONCLUSION

The positive association between alcohol drinking and blood pressure persisted even after consideration of the effects of age, BMI and other macronutrient and electrolytes intakes. The reduction of alcohol intake should be an important public health strategy in the primary prevention of hypertension in this population.

目的

阐明日本男性血压与酒精、营养素及电解质摄入量之间的关系。

设计与方法

采用两日膳食记录法对日本农村人群进行膳食调查，并用标准血压计测量血压。比较了不饮酒者和饮酒者三分位数组之间的血压水平、营养素及电解质摄入量。还通过多元回归分析确定了血压与营养素、电解质及酒精摄入量之间的关系。

结果

年龄与收缩压（SBP）呈正相关，脂肪和碳水化合物提供的能量百分比与饮酒类别呈负相关。单因素分析显示，SBP与年龄、体重指数（BMI）及酒精摄入量显著相关，舒张压（DBP）也与年龄、BMI及酒精摄入量显著相关。SBP和DBP均与脂肪提供的能量百分比呈显著负相关（P<0.01）。在调整年龄、BMI及脂肪摄入量提供的能量百分比对血压的影响后，SBP和DBP均与饮酒类别显著相关（P<0.001）。多元回归分析显示，SBP与年龄、BMI及酒精摄入量显著正相关，与钾摄入量负相关；而DBP与BMI及总能量摄入量显著正相关，与钾以及脂肪和碳水化合物提供的能量百分比负相关。