荷兰的膳食钙、钾、镁与血压

Dietary calcium, potassium, magnesium and blood pressure in the Netherlands.

作者信息

Van Leer E M, Seidell J C, Kromhout D

机构信息

Department of Chronic Disease and Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Dec;24(6):1117-23. doi: 10.1093/ije/24.6.1117.

DOI:10.1093/ije/24.6.1117

PMID:8824852

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The quantitative contribution of dietary calcium, potassium and magnesium to blood pressure levels remains unknown as does the combined effect of dietary calcium, potassium and magnesium.

METHODS

The relation between blood pressure and dietary calcium, potassium and magnesium and the combined effect of these minerals on blood pressure was studied in 20,921 Dutch men and women aged 20-59 years. Food intake was measured by a food frequency questionnaire. The data were adjusted for age, body mass index, heart rate, alcohol and energy intake.

RESULTS

An inverse association was observed between blood pressure and dietary potassium and magnesium in both men and women. Dietary calcium was inversely related to systolic blood pressure (SBP) in women and with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in men. The relation between magnesium intake and blood pressure was stronger than those between blood pressure and intakes of potassium and calcium. Men and women who consumed a diet with intakes in the upper tertiles of all three minerals had a lower SBP and DBP compared to those who had intakes in the lower tertiles (men: SBP = -1.3 (95% CI: -2.6, -0.1), DBP = -1.9 (95% CI: -2.7, -1.0), women: SBP = -1.8 (95% CI: -3.1, -0.5), DBP = -1.5 (95% CI: -2.4, -0.7).

CONCLUSION

These results suggest that diets rich in calcium, potassium and magnesium are associated with lower blood pressure.

摘要

背景

膳食中钙、钾和镁对血压水平的定量贡献尚不清楚，膳食中钙、钾和镁的联合作用也不明确。

方法

对20921名年龄在20 - 59岁的荷兰男性和女性，研究了血压与膳食钙、钾和镁之间的关系以及这些矿物质对血压的联合作用。通过食物频率问卷测量食物摄入量。数据针对年龄、体重指数、心率、酒精和能量摄入进行了调整。

结果

在男性和女性中，均观察到血压与膳食钾和镁之间呈负相关。膳食钙与女性收缩压（SBP）以及男性舒张压（DBP）呈负相关。镁摄入量与血压之间的关系比血压与钾和钙摄入量之间的关系更强。与摄入处于所有三种矿物质摄入量较低三分位数的男性和女性相比，摄入处于较高三分位数的男性和女性的收缩压和舒张压更低（男性：SBP = -1.3（95%置信区间：-2.6，-0.1），DBP = -1.9（95%置信区间：-2.7，-1.0），女性：SBP = -1.8（95%置信区间：-З.1，-0.5），DBP = -1.5（95%置信区间：-2.4，-0.7）。